Catalyst composition for olefin polymerization

ABSTRACT

A process for the preparation of a catalyst system includes the steps of combining a Lewis base, an organic compound having at least one functional group containing active hydrogen, and an organometallic component with a particulate support material to provide an intermediate composition, and then combining the intermediate composition with one or more metallocene compound. The catalyst system is advantageously used for olefin polymerization.

BACKGROUND

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a process for preparing a catalystsystem for olefin polymerization which is obtainable by bringing atleast one metallocene, at least one organometallic compound, at leastone compound that is obtainable by a reaction of an organometalliccompound with an organic compound bearing a functional group containingactive hydrogen, at least one Lewis base and at least one support intocontact with one another, to catalyst systems obtainable by thisprocess, to the use of these catalyst systems for olefinpolymerizations, to a process using such catalyst systems forpolymerization and copolymerisation of olefins and to polymers which areprepared using such catalyst systems.

2. Background of the Art

Processes for preparing polyolefins using soluble, homogeneous catalystsystems comprising organic transition metal compounds such asmetallocene complexes are well known (Angew. Chem. 1995, 107, 1255-1283or U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,752,597; 5,017,714; 5,391,790; 5,616,747 or EPPatent Nos. 0 320 762; 0 416 815; 0 537 686 and 0 669 340). They may beproduced, for example, by reacting cyclopentadienyl metal compounds withhalides of transition metals, such as titanium, zirconium, and hafnium.

It is also well known that basic properties of the metallocenes, such aspolymerization activity, stereoselectivity, regioselectivity, andmaximum achievable polymer molecular weight can be systematicallycontrolled by specific substitution patterns of the ligand sphere.However, to use metallocenes for the stereoselective and regioselectivepolymerization of olefins, the preparation of the isomerically pureracemic form is absolutely necessary, since the corresponding meso formproduces undesired atactic polymer, like atactic polypropylene. Theisomerically pure racemic form is understood to mean a rac:meso ratio ofat least 5, and preferably 10.

Such stereoselective and/or regioselective metallocenes for thepolymerization of olefins to polyolefins especially for thepolymerization of propylene or the copolymerization of propylene withother olefins and which are useful and preferred as metallocenes for thecatalyst systems of the present invention, are well known in theliterature. As an example, such metallocenes are disclosed in U.S. Pat.Nos. 4,530,914; 4,542,199; 4,769,910; 4,808,561; 4,871,705; 4,931,417;4,933,403; 4,937,299; 5,017,714; 5,026,798; 5,057,475; 5,120,867;5,132,381; 5,145,819; 5,155,180; 5,198,401; 5,239,022; 5,243,001;5,276,208; 5,278,119; 5,296,434; 5,304,614; 5,324,800; 5,328,969;5,329,033; 5,350,723; 5,374,752; 5,391,790; 5,416,178; 5,436,305;5,455,366; 5,510,502; 5,532,396; 5,543,373; 5,554,704; 5,576,260;5,612,428; 5,616,663; 5,629,254; 5,635,437; 5,661,096; 5,672,668;5,679,812; 5,723,640; 5,739,366; 5,741,868; 5,770,753; 5,786,432;5,830,821; 5,840,644; 5,840,948; 5,852,142; 5,929,264; 5,932,669;6,017,841; 6,051,522; 6,051,727; 6,057,408; 6,087,291; 6,100,214;6,114,479; 6,117,955; 6,124,230; 6,140,432; 6,194,341; 6,218,558;6,228,795; 6,242,544; 6,245,706; 6,252,097; 6,255,506; 6,255,515;6,376,407; 6,376,408; 6,376,409; 6,376,410; 6,376,411; 6,376,412;6,376,413; 6,376,627; 6,380,120; 6,380,121; 6,380,122; 6,380,123;6,380,124; 6,380,330; 6,380,331; 6,380,334; 6,399,723; 6,444,606;6,469,114 and U.S. Application Nos. 2001021755; 20030149199 and EP 576970; EP 611 773, and WO 97/32906; WO 98/014585; WO 98/22486; WO00/12565; WO 01/48034; WO 03/045964; WO 03/106470.

The interest in these homogeneous single site catalysts originates fromthe ability to produce polyolefins that can not be synthesized by usingconventional Ziegler-Natta catalyst, for example polyolefins having avery narrow molar mass distribution and a uniform comonomer content. Inorder to obtain active catalysts for olefin polymerizations themetallocene complexes have to be reacted with a cocatalyst. The mostfrequently used cocatalysts consist of aluminoxanes, such asmethylaluminoxane. The disadvantage of these cocatalysts is that theyhave to be used in large excess. Therefore these catalyst systems arequite expensive. Other type of cocatalysts exist that convert themetallocene complexes into cationic complexes. These type of cocatalystscan be used in stoichiometric or virtually stoichiometric ratios (Chem.Rev. 2000, 100, 1391-1434).

In polymerizations using such soluble, homogeneous catalyst systems,heavy deposits are formed on reactor walls and the stirrer if thepolymer is obtained as a solid. These deposits are formed byagglomeration of the polymer particles whenever metallocene and/orcocatalyst are present in dissolved form in the suspension. The depositsin the reactor systems quickly reach considerable thickness and have ahigh strength. They prevent heat exchange to the cooling medium andtherefore have to be removed regularly. Such homogeneous catalystsystems cannot be used industrially in liquid monomer or in the gasphase. To avoid deposit formation in the reactor, supported catalystsystems in which the metallocene and/or the cocatalyst is/are fixed onan inorganic support material have been proposed. As an example, inEP-A-0 576 970 or WO 01/48034 metallocenes and corresponding supportedcatalyst systems are disclosed. Such supported catalyst systems givepolymers, in particular polypropylenes, having melting points of up toabout 156° C.

Furthermore industrial utilization of metallocene catalysts requires thecatalyst system to be made heterogeneous in order to achieve anappropriate morphology of the resulting polymer. It has been shownadvantageous to covalently fix the components of the catalyst system tothe support. This avoids the detachment of the of the catalyst systemfrom the support which leads to homogeneous polymerisations andunsatisfactory polymer morphology.

WO 96/04319, WO 96/23005 and WO 99/33881 describe catalyst systems inwhich the cocatalyst, a Lewis acid like tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane,is covalently bound to the support material. However these catalystsystems have a low polymerisation activity and no organic compoundshaving functional groups containing active hydrogen are used for thepreparation of the catalyst system.

The patents WO 99/40129, WO 00/62928 and WO 01/47635 teach the use of aLewis-base, a compound that is obtainable by a reaction of anorganometallic compound with an organic compound bearing a functionalgroup containing active hydrogen, a metallocene, and a support ascomponents of the catalyst system. The patents WO 04/007570 and WO04/007569 teach the preparation of similar catalysts systems by asimpler process that requires fewer purification steps. However all ofthese catalyst systems still show a rather low polymerisation activity.

It is an object of this invention to provide a catalyst system whichavoids the disadvantages of the prior art and furthermore has anincreased polymerisation activity, guarantees good polymer morphologyand leads to polymerisations without formation of deposits in thereactor.

We have found that this object is achieved by a catalyst system based ona specific stoichiometric ratio of the catalyst components, whichunexpectedly displays very high polymerization activities and gives agood polymer morphology.

SUMMARY

The catalyst system of the present invention comprises

-   (A) at least one metallocene,-   (B) at least one Lewis base,-   (C) at least one support,-   (D) at least one organic compound having at least one functional    group containing active hydrogen,-   (E) at least one organometallic compound.

The stoichiometry ratio of the organic compound (D) and theorganometallic compound (E) preferably ranges from about 3:1 to about5:1.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENT(S)

As organic transition metal compound A), it is in principle possible touse any compounds of the transition metals of groups 3 to 12 of thePeriodic Table or the lanthanides which contain organic groups andpreferably form active olefin polymerization catalysts after reactionwith the components B) and C). These are usually compounds in which atleast one monodentate or polydentate ligand is bound to the central atomvia sigma or pi bonds. Possible ligands include ones containingcyclopentadienyl radicals and also ones which are free ofcyclopentadienyl radicals. A large number of such compounds A) suitablefor olefin polymerization are described in Chem. Rev. 2000, Vol. 100,No. 4. Furthermore, polycyclic cyclopentadienyl complexes are alsosuitable for olefin polymerization.

As metallocene component A) of the catalyst system of the presentinvention, use is made of at least one compound of the formula 1 below.The term metallocene component is thereby understood to be an organictransition metal compound as depicted in formula 1 that bears at leastone substituted or unsubstituted cylcopentadienly group.(R⁹)_(n)(L¹)_(m)M¹(R¹)_(q)  (Formula 1)

where

n is 0 or 1,

m is 1, 2 or 3

q is 1, 2 or 3 and

the sum of m and q equals the oxidation state of M¹

L¹ are identical or different and are each a substituted orunsubstituted mononuclear or polynuclear hydrocarbon radical or (a)hetero atom(s) containing hydrocarbon radical(s), for examplesubstituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl, indenyl,tetrahydroindenyl, azurenyl, fluorenyl, azapentalenyl, thiapentalenyl oroxapentalenyl, that coordinates to M¹,

R¹ are identical or different and are each a hydrogen atom, an alkylgroup of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of from 1 toabout 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group of from 6 to about 20 carbon atoms,an aryloxy group of from about 6 to about 10 carbon atoms, an alkenylgroup of from 2 to about 10 carbon atoms, an OH group, a halogen atom,or a NR₂ ³² group, where R³² is an alkyl group of from 1 to about 10carbon atoms or an aryl group of from 6 to about 14 carbon atoms, andtwo or three R¹ can form one or more ring system(s),

M¹ is a metal of group IVb of the Periodic Table of the Elements,

R⁹ is a bridging group linking two ligands L¹

where

R⁴⁰ and R⁴¹, even when bearing the same index, can be identical ordifferent and are each a hydrogen atom, a C₁-C₄₀ group such as an alkylgroup having from 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, an aryl group of from 6 toabout 40 carbon atoms, a fluoroalkyl group of from 1 to about 10 carbonatoms, an alkoxy group of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, an aryloxygroup of from 6 to about 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group of from 2 toabout 10 carbon atoms, an arylalkyl group of from 7 to about 40 carbonatoms, an alkylaryl group of from 7 to about 40 carbon atoms, asubstituted or unsubstituted alkylsilyl, alkyl(aryl)silyl or arylsilylgroup,or an arylalkenyl 10 group of from 8 to about 40 carbon atoms. R⁴⁰and R⁴¹ together with the atoms connecting them can form one or morecyclic systems or R⁴⁰ and/or R⁴¹ can contain additional hetero atoms(i.e., non-carbon atoms) like Si, B, Al, O, S, N or P or halogen atomslike Cl or Br,

x is an integer from 1 to 18,

M¹² is silicon, germanium or tin, and

R⁹ may also link two units of the formula 1 to one another,

or R⁹ forms a R⁹-Z¹ group, with R⁹ being linked to one L¹ group and Z¹being linked to M¹,

where

Z¹ comprises nitrogen, phosphorus, oxygen or sulfur such as —O—, —S—,—NR⁴² or PR⁴²—,

where

R⁴² is a hydrogen atom, a C₁-C₄₀ group such as an alkyl group havingfrom 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group of from 3 to 10carbon atoms, an aryl group of from 6 to about 40 carbon atoms, afluoroalkyl group of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group offrom 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, an aryloxy group of from 6 to about 10carbon atoms, an alkenyl group of from 2 to about 10 carbon atoms, anarylalkyl group of from 7 to about 40 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl groupof from 7 to about 40 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstitutedalkylsilyl, alkyl(aryl)silyl or arylsilyl group, an arylalkenyl group offrom 8 to about 40 carbon atoms, and R⁴² can contain additional heteroatoms (i.e., non-carbon atoms) like Si, B, Al, O, S, N or P or halogenatoms like Cl or Br.

As metallocene component of the catalyst system of the presentinvention, preference is given to use at least one compound of theformula 1a below,R⁹L¹L²M¹R¹R²  (Formula 1a)

where

L¹ and L² are identical or different and are each a substitutedmononuclear or polynuclear hydrocarbon radical or (a) hetero atom(s)containing hydrocarbon radical(s), for example substitutedcyclopentadienyl, indenyl, tetrahydroindenyl, azurenyl, fluorenyl,azapentalenyl, thiapentalenyl or oxapentalenyl, which can form asandwich structure with the central atom M¹,

R¹ and R² are identical or different and are each a hydrogen atom, analkyl group of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of from1 to about 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group of from 6 to about 20 carbonatoms, an aryloxy group of from about 6 to about 10 carbon atoms, analkenyl group of from 2 to about 10 carbon atoms, an OH group, a halogenatom, or a NR₂ ³² group, where R³² is an alkyl group of from 1 to about10 carbon atoms or an aryl group of from 6 to about 14 carbon atoms, andR¹ and R² can form one or more ring system(s),

M¹ is a metal of group IVb of the Periodic Table of the Elements,

R⁹ is a bridge between the ligands L¹ and L²,

where

R⁴⁰ and R⁴¹, even when bearing the same index, can be identical ordifferent and are each a hydrogen atom, a C₁-C₄₀ group such as an alkylgroup having from 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, an aryl group of from 6 toabout 40 carbon atoms, a fluoroalkyl group of from 2 to about 10 carbonatoms, an alkoxy group of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, an aryloxygroup of from 6 to about 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group of from 2 toabout 1 0 carbon atoms, an arylalkyl group of from 7 to about 40 carbonatoms, an alkylaryl group of from 7 to about 40 carbon atoms, asubstituted or unsubstituted alkylsilyl, alkyl(aryl)silyl or arylsilylgroup,or an arylalkenyl group of from 8 to about 40 carbon atoms. R⁴⁰and R⁴¹ together with the atoms connecting them can form one or morecyclic systems or R⁴⁰ and/or R⁴¹ can contain additional hetero atoms(i.e., non-carbon atoms) like Si, B, Al, O, S, N or P or halogen atomslike Cl or Br,

x is an integer from 1 to 18,

M¹² is silicon, germanium or tin, and

R⁹ may also link two units of the formula 1a to one another.

In formula 1a it is preferred that

M¹ is zirconium or hafnium,

L1 and L2 are identical or different and are each a substitutedcyclopentadienyl, indenyl, tetrahydroindenyl, azurenyl, fluorenyl,azapentalenyl, thiapentalenyl or oxapentalenyl, which can form asandwich structure with the central atom M¹,

R⁹ is R⁴⁰R⁴¹Si═, R⁴⁰R⁴¹Ge═, R⁴⁰R⁴¹C═ or —(R⁴⁰R⁴¹C—CR⁴⁰R⁴¹)—, where R⁴⁰and R⁴¹ are identical or different and are each a hydrogen atom, ahydrocarbon group of from 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, in particular analkyl group of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group of from 6to about 40 carbon atoms, an arylalkyl group of from 7 to about 14carbon atoms, an alkylaryl group of from 7 to about 14 carbon atoms or asubstituted or unsubstituted alkylsilyl group, a alkyl(aryl)silyl or aarylsilyl group.

In formula 1a it is very particularly preferred that

M¹ is zirconium and L¹ and L² are identical or different and are each asubstituted indenyl, azurenyl, fluorenyl, azapentalenyl, thiapentalenylor oxapentalenyl, which can form a sandwich structure with the centralatom M¹, and the bridging unit R⁹ is R⁴⁰R⁴¹Si═ or R⁴⁰R⁴¹Ge═, where R⁴⁰and R⁴¹ are identical or different and are methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl,pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl,cyclo-pentyl, cyclo-pentadienyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, benzyl,trimethylsilyl or 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl.

More preferred, as the metallocene component of the catalyst system ofthe present invention, use is made of at least one compound of theformula 1b below

where the substituents and indices have the following meanings:

M¹ is a metal of group IVb of the Periodic Table of the Elements,

R¹ and R² are identical or different and are each a hydrogen atom, analkyl group of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of from1 to about 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group of from 6 to about 20 carbonatoms, an aryloxy group of from 6 to about 10 carbon atoms, an alkenylgroup of from 2 to about 10 carbon atoms, an OH group, a halogen atom,or a NR₂ ³² group, where R³² is an alkyl group of from 1 to about 10carbon atoms or an aryl group of from 6 to about 14 carbon atoms and R¹and R² may form one or more ring system(s),

R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸ and also R^(3′), R^(4′), R^(5′), R^(6′), R^(7′)and R^(8′) are identical or different and are each a hydrogen atom, alinear, cyclic or branched hydrocarbon group, for example an alkyl groupof from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group of from 2 to about10 carbon atoms, an aryl group of from 6 to about 20 carbon atoms, anarylalkyl group of from 7 to about 40 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl groupof from 7 to about 40 carbon atoms, or an arylalkenyl group of from 8 toabout 40 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted alkylsilylgroup, a alkyl(aryl)silyl group or a arylsilyl group, with the provisothat R³ and R^(3′) are not hydrogen. The groups may contain one or morehetero atoms like Si, B, Al, O, S, N or P, and/or may contain halogenatoms like F, Cl or Br, and/or two adjacent radicals R⁵, R⁶ or R^(5′),R^(6′), or R⁶, R⁷ or R^(6′), R^(7′), or R⁷, R⁸ or R^(7′), R^(8′) in eachcase may form a hydrocarbon ring system and the bridging unit R⁹ has themeaning set forth above with respect to formula 1a.

The 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindenyl and the (a) heteroatom(s) containingindenyl analogues corresponding to the compounds 1b are likewise ofimportance.

In formula 1b it is preferred that

M¹ is zirconium or hafnium,

R¹ and R² are identical or different and are an alkyl group of from 1 toabout 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of from 1 to about 10 carbonatoms, an aryloxy group of from 6 to about 10 carbon atoms or a halogenatom, or R¹ and R² together may form one or more ring system(s),

R³ and R^(3′), are identical or different and are each a linear, cyclicor branched hydrocarbon group which may be halogenated, for example analkyl group of from 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group of from 2to about 10 carbon atoms,

R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸ and also R^(4′), R^(5′), R^(6′), R^(7′) and R⁸′ areidentical or different and are each a hydrogen atom, a substituted orunsubstituted alkylsilyl or arylsilyl group, a linear, cyclic orbranched alkyl group of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, or an arylgroup of from 6 to about 10 carbon atoms, which may contain one or morehetero atoms like Si, B, Al, O, S, N or P, and/or may contain halogenatoms like F, Cl or Br, and/or the two adjacent radicals R⁵, R⁶ andR^(5′), R^(6′) may form a hydrocarbon ring system,

R⁹ is R⁴⁰R⁴¹Si═, R⁴⁰R⁴¹Ge═, R⁴⁰R⁴¹C═ or —(R⁴⁰R⁴¹C—CR⁴⁰R⁴¹)—, where R⁴⁰and R⁴¹ are identical or different and are each a hydrogen atom, aC₁-C₃₀-hydrocarbon group, in particular an alkyl group of from 1 to 10carbon atoms, an aryl group of from 6 to about 40 carbon atoms, anarylalkyl group of from 7 to about 14 carbon atoms or an alkylaryl groupof from 7 to about 14 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstitutedalkylsilyl group, a alkyl(aryl)silyl or a arylsilyl group.

The 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindenyl and the (a) heteroatom(s) containingindenyl analogues corresponding to the compounds 1b are likewise ofimportance.

In formula 1b it is very particularly preferred that

M¹ is zirconium,

R¹ and R² are identical or different and are methyl, chlorine orphenolate,

R³ and R^(3′), are identical or different and are each a linear, cyclicor branched hydrocarbon group which may be halogenated, for example analkyl group of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group offrom 2 to about 10 carbon atoms,

R⁴ and also R^(4′) are hydrogen,

R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸ and also R^(5′), R^(6′), R^(7′), R^(8′) are identical ordifferent and are each a hydrogen atom or a linear, cyclic or branchedalkyl group of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, or an aryl group of from6 to about 10 carbon atoms and/or the two adjacent radicals R⁵, R⁶ andR^(5′), R^(6′) respectively together may form a ring system,

R⁹ is R⁴⁰R⁴¹Si═ or R⁴⁰R⁴¹Ge═, where R⁴⁰ and R⁴¹ are identical ordifferent and are methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl,octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentadienyl,cyclohexyl, phenyl, benzyl, trimethylsilyl or 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl.

Most preferred for the production of polypropylenes with high meltingpoints for applications, where a high stiffness is required, as themetallocene component of the catalyst system of the present invention,use is made of at least one compound of the formula 1c below

where the substituents and indices have the following meanings:

M¹ is a metal of group IVb of the Periodic Table of the Elements,

R¹ and R² are identical or different and are each a hydrogen atom, analkyl group of from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of from 1 toabout 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group of from 6 to about 20 carbon atoms,an aryloxy group of from 6 to about 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group offrom 2 to about 10 carbon atoms, an OH group, a halogen atom, or a NR₂³² group, where R³² is an alkyl group of from 1 to about 10 carbon atomsor an aryl group of from 6 to about 14 carbon atoms, and R¹ and R² mayform one or more ring system(s),

R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸ and also R^(3′), R^(4′), R^(5′), R^(6′), R^(7′)and R^(8′) are identical or different and are each a hydrogen atom, alinear, cyclic or branched hydrocarbon group, for example an alkyl groupof from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group of from 2 to about 10carbon atoms, an arenyl group of from 6 to about 20 carbon atoms, anarylalkyl group of from 7 to about 40 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl groupof from 7 to about 40 carbon atoms, or an arylalkenyl group of from 8 toabout 40 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylsilyl orarylsilyl group, with the proviso that R³ and R^(3′) are not hydrogenand that R⁵ and R^(5′) are identical or different and are each asubstituted or unsubstituted aryl group of from 6 to about 40 carbonatoms. The hydrocarbon groups may contain one or more hetero atoms likeSi, B, Al, O, S, N or P, and/or may contain halogen atoms like F, Cl orBr,

and

the bridging unit R⁹ has the meaning set forth above with respect toformula 1a.

The 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindenyl and the (a) heteroatom(s) containingindenyl analogues corresponding to the compounds 1c are likewise ofimportance.

In formula 1c it is preferred that

M¹ is zirconium or hafnium,

R¹ and R² are identical or different and are an alkyl group of from 1 toabout 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of from 1 to about 10 carbonatoms, an aryloxy group of from 6 to about 10 carbon atoms, or a halogenatom, and R¹ and R² may form one or more ring system(s),

R³ and R^(3′), are identical or different and are each a linear, cyclicor branched group which may be halogenated, for example an alkyl groupof from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group of from 2 toabout 10 carbon atoms,

R⁴, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸ and also R^(4′), R^(6′), R^(7′) and R^(8′) are identicalor different and are each a hydrogen atom or a linear, cyclic orbranched alkyl group of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, which maycontain one or more hetero atoms like Si, B, Al, O, S, N or P, and/ormay contain halogen atoms like F, Cl or Br,

R⁵ and R^(5′) are identical or different and are each a substituted orunsubstituted aryl group of from 6 to about 40 carbon atoms,

R⁹ is R⁴⁰R⁴¹Si═, R⁴⁰R⁴¹Ge═, R R⁴¹C═ or —(R⁴⁰R⁴¹C—CR⁴⁰R⁴¹)—, where R⁴⁰and R⁴¹ are identical or different and are each a hydrogen atom, aC₁-C₃₀-hydrocarbon group, in particular an alkyl group of from 1 toabout 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group of from 6 to about 40 carbon atoms,an arylalkyl group of from 7 to about 14 carbon atoms, an alkylarylgroup of from 7 to about 14 carbon atoms or a substituted orunsubstituted alkylsilyl group, a alkyl(aryl)silyl or a arylsilyl group.

The 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindenyl and the (a) heteroatom(s) containingindenyl analogues corresponding to the compounds 1c are likewise ofimportance.

In formula 1c it is very particularly preferred that

M¹ is zirconium,

R¹ and R² are identical and are methyl, chlorine, or phenolate,

R³ and R^(3′) are identical or different and are each a linear, cyclicor branched methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl or hexyl,

R⁴ and also R^(4′) are hydrogen,

R⁶, R⁷, R⁸ and also R^(6′), R^(7′) and R^(8′) are identical or differentand are each a hydrogen atom or a linear, cyclic or branched alkyl groupof from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, which may contain one or more heteroatoms like Si, B, Al, O, S, N or P, and/or may contain halogen atomslike F, Cl or Br,

R⁵ and R^(5′) are identical or different and are phenyl, naphthyl,para-(C₁-C₁₀-alkyl)phenyl, para-(C₁-C₁₀-fluoroalkyl)phenyl,meta-(C₁-C₁₀-alkyl)phenyl, meta-(C₁-C₁₀-alkyl)phenyl, meta,meta′-(C₁-C₁₀-alkyl)₂phenyl or meta, meta′-(C₁-C₁₀-fluoroalkyl)₂phenyl,

R⁹ is R⁴⁰R⁴¹Si═ or R⁴⁰R⁴¹Ge═, where R⁴⁰ and R⁴¹ are identical ordifferent and are methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl,octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentadienyl,cyclohexyl, phenyl, benzyl, trimethylsilyl or 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl.

Most preferred for the production of high molecular weight randomcopolymers or of copolymer rubber, for the production of impactcopolymers comprising high molecular weight copolymers or for theproduction of polypropylenes with melting points higher than 155° C. forapplications, where a high stiffness is required, as the metallocenecomponent of the catalyst system of the present invention use is made ofat least one compound of the formula 1d below,

where the substituents and indices have the following meanings:

M¹ is a metal of group IVb of the Periodic Table of the Elements,

R¹ and R² are identical or different and are each a hydrogen atom, analkyl group of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of from1 to about 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group of from 6 to 20 carbon atoms,an aryloxy group of from 6 to about 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group offrom 2 to about 10 carbon atoms, an OH group, a halogen atom, or a NR₂³² group, where R³² is an alkyl group of from 1 to about 10 carbonatoms, or an aryl group of from 6 to about 14 carbon atoms, or R¹ and R²together may form one or more ring system(s),

R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸ and also R^(4′), R^(5′), R^(6′), R^(7′) and R^(8′)are identical or different and are each a hydrogen atom, a linear,cyclic or branched hydrocarbon group, for example an alkyl group of from1 to about 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group of from 2 to about 10carbon atoms, an aryl group of from 6 to about 20 carbon atoms, anarylalkyl group of from 7 to about 40 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl groupof from 7 to about 40 carbon atoms, or an arylalkenyl group of from 8 toabout 40 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylsilyl orarylsilyl group, with the proviso that R⁵ and R^(5′) are identical ordifferent and are each a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group of from6 to about 40 carbon atoms. The hydrocarbon groups may contain one ormore hetero atoms like Si, B, Al, O, S, N or P, and/or may containhalogen atoms like F, Cl or Br,

R³is a hydrocarbon group, not cyclic or branched in the α-position, forexample an alkyl group of from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl substitutedalkyl group of from 7 to about 40 carbon atoms, or an aryl substitutedalkenyl group of from 8 to about 40 carbon atoms. The hydrocarbon groupsmay contain one or more hetero atoms like Si, B, Al, O, S, N or P,and/or may contain halogen atoms like F, Cl or Br,

R^(3′) is a in α-position or in β-position cyclic or branchedhydrocarbon group, for example an alkyl group of from 3 to about 20carbon atoms, an alkenyl group of from 3 to about 20 carbon atoms, anaryl group of from 6 to about 20 carbon atoms, an arylalkyl group offrom 7 to about 40 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl group of from 7 to about40 carbon atoms or an arylalkenyl group of from 8 to about 40 carbonatoms. The hydrocarbon groups may contain one or more hetero atoms likeSi, B, Al, O, S, N or P, and/or may contain halogen atoms like F, Cl orBr,

and

the bridging unit R⁹ has the meaning mentioned above with respect toformula 1a.

In formula 1d it is preferred that

M¹ is zirconium or hafnium,

R¹ and R² are identical or different and are an alkyl group of from 1 toabout 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of from 1 to about 10 carbonatoms, an aryloxy group of from 6 to about 10 carbon atoms or a halogenatom, and R¹ and R² may form one or more ring system(s),

R³is a linear alkyl group of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms or analkenyl group of from 2 to 10 carbon atoms, which can be halogenated,

R^(3′) is a in α-position or in β-position cyclic or branched alkylgroup of from 3 to about 20 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group of from 3 toabout 20 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl group of from 7 to about 20 carbonatoms, or a trimethylsilyl group,

R⁴, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸ and also R^(4′), R^(6′), R^(7′) and R^(8′) are identicalor different and are each a hydrogen atom or a linear, cyclic orbranched alkyl group of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, which maycontain one or more hetero atoms like Si, B, Al, O, S, N or P, and/ormay contain halogen atoms like F, Cl or Br,

R⁵ and R^(5′) are identical or different and are each a substituted orunsubstituted aryl group of from 6 to about 40 carbon atoms, likephenyl, naphthyl, para-(C₁-C₁₀-alkyl)phenyl, meta-(C₁-C₁₀-alkyl)phenyl,meta, meta′-(C₁-C₁₀-alkyl)₂phenyl,

R⁹ is R⁴⁰R⁴¹Si═, R⁴⁰R⁴¹Ge═, R⁴⁰R⁴¹C═ or —(R⁴⁰R⁴¹C—CR⁴⁰R⁴¹)—, where R⁴⁰and R⁴¹ are identical or different and are each a hydrogen atom, aC₁-C₃₀ group, in particular an alkyl group of from 1 to about 10 carbonatoms, an aryl group of from 6 to about 40 carbon atoms, an arylalkylgroup of from 7 to 14 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl group of from 7 to 14carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted alkylsilyl group, aalkyl(aryl)silyl or a arylsilyl group.

The 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindenyl and the (a) heteroatom(s) containingindenyl analogues corresponding to the compounds 1d are likewise ofimportance.

In formula 1d, it is very particularly preferred that

M¹ is zirconium,

R¹ and R² are identical and are methyl, chlorine, or phenolate,

R³is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl or n-hexyl,

R^(3′) is iso-propyl, iso-butyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, cyclobutyl,1-methyl-butyl, 1-ethyl-butyl, 1-methyl-pentyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl,cyclopent-2-enyl, cyclopent-3-enyl, cyclohex-2-enyl, cyclohex-3-enyl,para-methyl-cyclohexyl or trimethylsilyl,

R⁴ and also R^(4′) are hydrogen, and

R⁶, R⁷, R⁸ and also R^(6′), R^(7′) and R^(8′) are identical or differentand are each a hydrogen atom or a linear, cyclic or branched alkyl groupof from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, which may contain one or more heteroatoms like Si, B, Al, O, S, N or P, and/or may contain halogen atomslike F, Cl or Br,

R⁵ and R^(5′) are identical or different and are phenyl,p-isopropyl-phenyl, p-tert. -butyl-phenyl, p-s-butyl-phenyl,p-cyclohexyl, p-trimethylsilyl-phenyl, p-adamantyl -phenyl,p-(trisfluor)trimethyl-phenyl or m,m′-dimethyl-phenyl,

R⁹ is R⁴⁰R⁴¹Si═ or R⁴⁰R⁴¹Ge═, where R⁴⁰ and R⁴¹ are identical ordifferent and are methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl,octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, cyclo-pentyl, cyclo-pentadienyl,cyclohexyl, phenyl, benzyl, trimethylsilyl or 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl.

Not limiting examples for the particularly preferred metallocenecompounds of the present invention are the following compounds offormulas 1a-1d:

A-(2-isopropyl-4-(p-isopropyl-phenyl)indenyl)(2-methyl-4-(p-isopropyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-isopropyl-4-(p-tert.butyl-phenyl)indenyl)(2-methyl-4-(p-tert.butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-isopropyl-4-(p-tert.butyl-phenyl)indenyl)(2,7-dimethyl-4-(p-tert.butyl-phenyl)indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-isopropyl-4-(p-tert.butyl-phenyl)indenyl)(2,5,6,7-tetramethyl-4-(p-tert.butyl-phenyl)indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-isopropyl-6-methyl-4-(p-tert.butyl-phenyl)indenyl)(2,6-dimethyl-4-(p-tert.butyl-phenyl)indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-isopropyl-4-(p-sec.butyl-phenyl)indenyl)(2-methyl-4-(p-sec.butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-isopropyl-4-(p-cyclohexyl-phenyl)indenyl)(2-methyl-4-(p-cyclohexyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-isopropyl-4-(p-trimethylsilyl-phenyl)indenyl)(2-methyl-4-(p-trimethylsilyl-phenyl)indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-isopropyl-4-(p-adamantyl-phenyl)indenyl)(2-methyl-4-(p-adamantyl-phenyl)indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-isopropyl-4-(p-tris(trifluoromethyl)methyl-phenyl)indenyl)(2-methyl-4-(p-tris(trifluoromethyl)methyl-phenyl)indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-isopropyl-4-phenyl-indenyl)(2-methyl-4-(p-tert.butyl-phenyl)indenyl)-zirconiumdichloride;

A-(2-isopropyl-4-(p-tert.butyl-phenyl)indenyl)(2-methyl-4-phenyl-indenyl)-zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-isopropyl-4-(p-tert.butyl-phenyl)indenyl)(2,7-dimethyl-4-phenyl-indenyl)-zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-isopropyl-4-(p-tert.butyl-phenyl)indenyl)(2,5,6,7-tetramethyl4-phenyl-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-isopropyl-6-methyl-4-(p-tert.butyl-phenyl)indenyl)(2,6-dimethyl-4-phenyl-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-isopropyl-4-phenyl-indenyl)(2,7-dimethyl-4-(p-tert.butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)-zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-isopropyl-4-phenyl-indenyl)(2,5,6,7-tetramethyl-4-(p-tert.butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-isopropyl-6-methyl-4-phenyl-indenyl)(2,6-dimethyl4-(p-tert.butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-isopropyl-4-(p-tert.butyl-phenyl)indenyl)(2-methyl4-(4-naphthyl)-indenyl)-indenyl)-zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-isopropyl-4-(4-naphthyl)-indenyl)indenyl)(2-methyl4-(p-tert.butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(4-naphthyl-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-methyl-benzo-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride

A-bis(2-methyl-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-methyl-4-(1-naphthyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-methyl4-(2-naphthyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-methyl4-phenyl-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-methyl4-t-butyl-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-methyl-4-isopropyl-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-methyl4-ethyl-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-methyl-4-acenaphth-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2,4-dimethyl-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-ethyl-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-ethyl-4-ethyl-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-ethyl-4-phenyl-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-methyl-4,6-diisopropyl-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-methyl-4,5-diisopropyl-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2,4,6-trimethyl-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2,5,6-trimethyl-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2,4,7-trimethyl-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-methyl-5-isobutyl-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-methyl-5-t-butyl-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-methyl-4-(tert-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-methyl-4-(4-methyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-methyl-4-(4-ethyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-methyl-4-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-methyl-4-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-ethyl-4-(4-tert-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-ethyl-4-(4-methyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-ethyl-4-(4-ethyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-ethyl-4-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-ethyl-4-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-methyl-4-(4-tert-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdimethyl,

A-bis(2-methyl-4-(4-methyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdimethyl,

A-bis(2-methyl-4-(4-ethyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdimethyl,

A-bis(2-methyl-4-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdimethyl,

A-bis(2-methyl-4-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdimethyl,

A-bis(2-ethyl-4-(4-tert-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdimethyl,

A-bis(2-ethyl-4-(4-methyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdimethyl,

A-bis(2-ethyl-4-(4-ethyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdimethyl,

A-bis(2-ethyl-4-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdimethyl,

A-bis(2-ethyl-4-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdimethyl,

A-bis(2-isopropyl-4-(tert-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-isopropyl-4-(4-methyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-isopropyl-4-(4-ethyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-isopropyl-4-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-isopropyl-4-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-isopropyl-4-(4′-tert.-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-isopropyl-4-(4′-tert.-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)hafniumdichloride,

A-bis(2-isopropyl-4-(4′-tert.-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)titaniumdichloride,

A-bis(2-isopropyl-4-(4′-methyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-isopropyl-4-(4′-n-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-isopropyl-4-(4′-n-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-isopropyl-4-(4′-hexyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-isopropyl-4-(4′-sec-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-isopropyl-4-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-isopropyl-4-(4′-methyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-isopropyl-4-(4′-ethyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-isopropyl-4-(4′-n-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-isopropyl-4-(4′-n-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-isopropyl-4-(4′-hexyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-isopropyl-4-(4′-pentyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-isopropyl-4-(4′-cyclohexyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-isopropyl-4-(4′-sec-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-isopropyl-4-(4′-tert.-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-methyl-4-(4′-tert.-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-methyl-4-(4′-tert.-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)hafniumdichloride,

A-bis(2-methyl-4-(4′-tert.-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)titaniumdichloride,

A-bis(2-methyl-4-(4′-methyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-methyl-4-(4′-n-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-methyl-4-(4′-n-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-methyl-4-(4′-hexyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-methyl-4-(4′-sec-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-ethyl-4-phenyl-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-ethyl-4-(4′-methyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-ethyl-4-(4′-ethyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-ethyl-4-(4′-n-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-ethyl-4-(4′-n-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-ethyl-4-(4′-hexyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-ethyl-4-(4′-pentyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-ethyl-4-(4′-cyclohexyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-ethyl-4-(4′-sec-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-ethyl-4-(4′-tert.-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-n-propyl-4-phenyl-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-n-propyl-4-(4′-methyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-n-propyl-4-(4′-ethyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-n-propyl-4-(4′-iso-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-n-propyl-4-(4′-n-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-n-propyl-4-(4′-hexyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-n-propyl-4-(4′-cyclohexyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-n-propyl-4-(4′-sec-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-n-propyl-4-(4′-tert.-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-n-butyl-4-phenyl-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-n-butyl-4-(4′-methyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-n-butyl-4-(4′-ethyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-n-butyl-4-(4′-n-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-n-butyl-4-(4′-iso-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-n-butyl-4-(4′-n-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-n-butyl-4-(4′-hexyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-n-butyl-4-(4′-cyclohexyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-n-butyl-4-(4′-sec-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-n-butyl-4-(4′-tert.-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-hexyl-4-phenyl-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-hexyl-4-(4′-methyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-hexyl-4-(4′-ethyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-hexyl-4-(4′-n-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-hexyl-4-(4′-iso-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-hexyl-4-(4′-n-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-hexyl-4-(4′-n-hexyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-hexyl-4-(4′-cyclohexyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-hexyl-4-(4′-sec-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-hexyl-4-(4′-tert.-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-hexyl-4-(4′-tert.-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-ethyl-4-(4′-tert.-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdibenzyl,

A-bis(2-methyl-4-(4′-tert.-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdimethyl,

A-(2-methyl-4-azapentalene)(2-methyl-4-(4′-methyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-5-azapentalene)(2-methyl-4-(4′-methyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-6-azapentalene)(2-methyl-4-(4′-methyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-4-azapentalene)(2-methyl-4-(4′-ethyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-4-thiapentalene)(2-methyl-4-(4′-n-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl)-zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-4-azapentalene)(2-methyl-4-(4′-isopropyl-phenyl)-indenyl)-zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-6-azapentalene)(2-methyl-4-(4′-isopropyl-phenyl)-indenyl)-zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2,5-dimethyl-6-thiapentalene)(2-methyl-4-(4′-isopropyl-phenyl)-indenyl)-zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-6-oxapentalen)(2-methyl-4-(4′-isopropyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-6-azapentalene)(2-methyl-4-(4′-n-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-5-thiapentalene)(2-methyl-4-(4′-n-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-4-oxapentalene)(2-methyl-4-(4′-n-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-4-thiapentalene)(2-methyl-4-(4′-s-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-4-oxapentalene)(2-methyl-4-(4′-s-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-4-azapentalene)(2-methyl-4-(4′-tert-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)-zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-6-azapentalene)(2-methyl-4-(4′-tert-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)-zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-4-azapentalene)(2-methyl-4-(4′-n-pentyl-phenyl)-indenyl)-zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-N-phenyl-6-azapentalene)(2-methyl-4-(4′-n-pentyl-phenyl)-indenyl)-zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-4-oxapentalene)(2-methyl-4-(4′-n-pentyl-phenyl)-indenyl)-zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-4-azapentalene)(2-methyl-4-(4′-n-hexyl-phenyl)-indenyl)-zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-4-thiapentalene)(2-methyl-4-(4′-n-hexyl-phenyl)-indenyl)-zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-6-thiapentalene)(2-methyl-4-(4′-n-hexyl-phenyl)-indenyl)-zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2,5-dimethyl-4-thiapentalene)(2-methyl-4-(4′-n-hexyl-phenyl)-indenyl)-zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2,5-dimethyl-6-thiapentalene)(2-methyl-4-(4′-n-hexyl-phenyl)-indenyl)-zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2,5-dimethyl-6-thiapentalene)(2-methyl-4-(4′-cyclohexyl-phenyl)-indenyl)-zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-4-azapentalene)(2-methyl-4-(4′-trimethylsilyl-phenyl)-indenyl)-zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-4-thiapentalene)(2-methyl-4-(4′-trimethylsilyl-phenyl)-indenyl)-zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-5-thiapentalene)(2-methyl-4-(4′-trimethylsilyl-phenyl)-indenyl)-zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-6-thiapentalene)(2-methyl-4-(4′-trimethylsilyl-phenyl)-indenyl)-zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2,5-dimethyl-4-azapentalene)(2-methyl-4-(4′-adamantyl-phenyl)-indenyl)-zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-4-thiapentalene)(2-methyl-4-(4′-adamantyl-phenyl)-indenyl)-zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-6-thiapentalene)(2-methyl-4-(4′-adamantyl-phenyl)-indenyl)-zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2,5-dimethyl-4-thiapentalene)(2-methyl-4-(4′-adamantyl-phenyl)-indenyl)-zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-4-azapentalene)(2-methyl-4-(4′-tris(trifluoromethyl)methyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2,5-dimethyl-4-azapentalene)(2-methyl-4-(4′-tris(trifluoromethyl)methyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-4-thiapentalene)(2-methyl-4-(4′-tris(trifluoromethyl)methyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-6-thiapentalene)(2-methyl-4-(4′-tris(trifluoromethyl)methyl-phenyl)-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-4-azapentalene)(2-ethyl-4-(4′-tert-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)-zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-5-azapentalene)(2-n-butyl-4-(4′-tert-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)-zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-N-phenyl-6-azapentalene)(2-methyl-4-(4′-tert-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl)-zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-4-azapentalene)(2-methylindenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-N-phenyl-4-azapentalene)(2-methylindenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-4-thiapentalene)(2-methylindenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-5-thiapentalene)(2-methylindenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-6-thiapentalene)(2-methylindenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-4-azapentalene)(indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-5-azapentalene)(indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-6-azapentalene)(indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-N-phenyl-4-azapentalene)(indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-N-phenyl-5-azapentalene)(indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-N-phenyl-6-azapentalene)(indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2,5-dimethyl-N-phenyl-6-azapentalene)(indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-4-thiapentalene)(indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-5-thiapentalene)(indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-6-thiapentalene)(indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2,5-dimethyl-4-thiapentalene)(indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-4-azapentalene)(2-methyl-4-phenyl-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-5-azapentalene)(2-methyl-4-phenyl-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-6-azapentalene)(2-methyl-4-phenyl-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-N-phenyl-4-azapentalene)(2-methyl-4-phenyl-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-N-phenyl-5-azapentalene)(2-methyl-4-phenyl-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-4-thiapentalene)(2-methyl-4-phenyl-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-5-thiapentalene)(2-methyl-4-phenyl-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-6-thiapentalene)(2-methyl-4-phenyl-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-4-oxapentalene)(2-methyl-4-phenyl-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-4-azapentalene)(2-methyl-4,5-benzo-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-N-phenyl-4-azapentalene)(2-methyl-4,5-benzo-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-N-phenyl-5-azapentalene)(2-methyl-4,5-benzo-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-N-phenyl-6-azapentalene)(2-methyl-4,5-benzo-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-4-thiapentalene)(2-methyl-4,5-benzo-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-5-thiapentalene)(2-methyl-4,5-benzo-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-6-thiapentalene)(2-methyl-4,5-benzo-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-4-oxapentalene)(2-methyl-4,5-benzo-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-5-oxapentalene)(2-methyl-4,5-benzo-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-(2-methyl-6-oxapentalene)(2-methyl-4,5-benzo-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-methyl-4-azapentalene)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-methyl-N-phenyl-4-azapentalene)zirconiumdichloride,

A-bis(2-methyl-4-thiapentalene)zirconiumdichloride.

A is Dimethylsilanediyl, Diethylsilanediyl, Dipropylsilanediyl,Dibutylsilanediyl, Dipentylsilanediyl, Dihexylsilanediyl,Diheptylsilanediyl, Dioctylsilanediyl, Dinonanylsilanediyl,Didecanylsilanediyl, Diundecanylsilanediyl, Didodecanylsilanediyl,Dimethylgermanediyl, Diethylgermanediyl, Dipropylgermanediyl,Dibutylgermanediyl, Dipentylgermanediyl, Dihexylgermanediyl,Diheptylgermanediyl, Dioctylgermanediyl, Dinonanylgermanediyl,Didecanylgermanediyl, Diundecanylgermanediyl or Didodecanylgermanediyl,Hexyl(methyl)germanediyl,Ethyl(methyl)germanediyl,Ethyl(methyl)silanediyl, Propyl(methyl)silanediyl,3,3,3-trifluoropropyl(methyl)silanediyl, Propyl(ethyl)silanediyl,Butyl(methyl)silanediyl, Butyl(ethyl)silanediyl,Butyl(propyl)silanediyl, Pentyl(methyl)silanediyl,Pentyl(ethyl)silanediyl, Pentyl(propyl)silanediyl,Pentyl(butyl)silanediyl, Hexyl(methyl)silanediyl, Hexyl(ethyl)silanediylor Hexyl(propyl)silanediyl, Hexyl(butyl)silanediyl orHexyl(pentyl)silanediyl, such that the list of bridge elements A is tobe understood in such a way that the naming of the substituents on thebridge atom is meant also to include all structural isomers as thoughthey were explicitly named. For example, dibutylsilanediylsimultaneously includes di(n-butyl)silanediyl, di(sec-butyl)silanediyl,di(tert-butyl)silanediyl, or mixtures of these structural isomers.Similarly, the naming of dipentylsilanediyl also includes, for example,di(cyclopentyl)silanediyl or the naming of hexyl(methyl)silanediyl alsoincludes, for example, cyclohexyl(methyl)silanediyl.

Instead of the preferred pure chiral bridged racemic or pseudoracemicmetallocene compounds of formulas 1a to 1d, mixtures of the metallocenesof formulas 1a to 1d and the corresponding meso or pseudomesometallocenes may be used in the catalyst preparation. However, theisomerically pure racemic form is especially preferred for the use ofmetallocenes in the polymerization of olefins to isotactic polyolefins,since the corresponding meso form may produce undesired atactic PP. Theisomerically pure racemic form is understood to mean a rac:meso ratio ofat least 5:1, preferably 10:1 and most preferred 20:1.

The synthesis of such complexes can be carried out by methods known perse, with preference being given to the reaction of the appropriatelysubstituted, cyclic hydrocarbon anions with halides of titanium,zirconium or hafnium.

As a Lewis base B) use is made of compounds of the formula V,M²R¹¹R¹²R¹³  (V)

where

M² is an element of main group V of the Periodic Table of the Elements,(including, but not limited to, nitrogen and phosphorus),

R¹¹, R¹² and R¹³ are identical or different and are each a hydrogenatom, a C₁-C₂₀-alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀-haloalkyl group or aC₇-C₄₀-arylalkyl group group, where two radicals or all three radicalsR¹¹, R¹² and R¹³ may be joined to one another via C₂-C₂₀ units, where atleast one radical R¹¹, R¹² or R¹³ is a C₇-C₄₀-arylalkyl group.

Preference is given to Lewis bases of the formula V in which R¹¹, R¹²and R¹³ are identical or different and particular preference is given toLewis bases of the formula V in which R¹¹, R¹², R¹³ are identical ordifferent and at least one of them is a benzylic group.

Examples of Lewis bases of the formula V are

N,N-diethylbenzylamine, N,N-dimethylbenzylamine, N-benzyldimethylamine,N-benzyldiethylamine, N-benzylbutylamine, N-benzyl tertbutylamine, N-benzylisopropylamine, N-benzylmethylamine, N-benzylethylamine,N-benzyl-1-phenylethylamine, N-benzyl-2-phenylethylamine,N,N-dimethylbenzylamine, N,N -diethylbenzylamine,N-methyl-N-ethylbenzylamine, N-methyldibenzylamine, N-ethyldi(benzyl)amine.

Examples of particularly preferred bases are benzylamine, N-benzyldimethylamine, N-benzyldiethylamine, N-benzylbutylamine, N-benzyltert -butylamine, N-benzylisopropylamine, N-benzylmethylamine,N-benzylethylamine, N -benzyl-1-phenylethylamine orN-benzyl-2-phenylethylamine.

The support C) is a porous inorganic or organic inert solid. The supportC) preferably comprises at least one inorganic oxide such as siliconoxide, aluminum oxide, aluminosilicates, zeolites, MgO, ZrO₂, TiO₂,B₂O₃, CaO, ZnO, ThO₂, Na₂CO₃, K₂CO₃, CaCO₃, MgCl₂, Na₂SO₄, Al₂(SO₄)₃,BaSO₄, KNO₃, Mg(NO₃)₂, Al(NO₃)₃, Na₂O, K₂O, Li₂O, or mixed oxides, inparticular silicon oxide and/or aluminum oxide and/or Mg—Al mixed oxide.The support may also comprise at least one finely divided polymerpowder, e.g. a homopolymer or copolymer, crosslinked polymer or apolymer blend. Examples of polymers are polyethylene, polypropylene,polybutene, polystyrene, divinylbenzene-crosslinked polystyrene,polyvinyl chloride, acrylonitrile -butadiene-styrene copolymer,polyamide, polymethacrylate, polycarbonate, polyester, polyacetal orpolyvinyl alcohol.

The support C) has a specific surface area in the range from about 10 toabout 1000 m²/g, preferably from about 50 to about 500 m²/g. The meanparticle size of the support is from about 1 to about 500 μm, preferablyfrom about 5 to about 350 μm, particularly preferably from about 10 toabout 200 μm.

The support C) is preferably porous with a pore volume of from about 0.1to about 5.0 ml/g, preferably from about 0.5 to about 3.5 ml/g. A poroussupport has a certain proportion of voids (pore volume). The shape ofthe pores is usually irregular, frequently spherical. The pores can beconnected to one another by small pore openings. The pore diameter ispreferably from about 2 to 50 nm. The particle shape of the poroussupport can be irregular or spherical. The particle size of the supportcan be set to any desired value, for example, by cryogenic millingand/or sieving.

The support materials can be thermally and/or chemically be pretreatedin order to adjust certain properties of the carrier such as the waterand/or the hydroxyl group content.

If the support material has a low moisture content or residual solventcontent, dehydration or drying before use can be omitted. If this is notthe case, as when using silica gel as support material, dehydration ordrying is advisable. Thermal dehydration or drying of the supportmaterial can be carried out under reduced pressure with or withoutsimultaneous inert gas blanketing (nitrogen). The drying temperature isin the range from about 80° C. to about 1000° C., preferably from about150° C. to about 800° C. and most preferred from about 150° C. to about200° C. The duration of the drying process can be from 1 to 24 hours.But shorter or longer drying periods are also possible.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, support materialswith a weight loss on dryness (LOD) of 1 wt. % or less, and even morepreferred with a LOD of about 0.5 wt % or less are used. Higher amountsof physically adsorbed water up to about 2 wt % are possible, but resultin reduced catalyst activities. The loss on ignition (LOI) of thesupport material is preferably about 1 wt % or greater or even morepreferred between about 1.5 and 3.5 wt %. The weight loss on dryness(LOD) is thereby defined as the weight loss between room temperature andabout 300° C. and the weight loss on ignition (LOI) as the weight lossbetween about 300° C. and 1000° C.

In addition or alternatively, dehydration or drying of the supportmaterial can also be carried out by chemical means, by reacting theadsorbed water and/or the surface hydroxyl groups with suitablepassivating agents. Reaction with the passivating reagent can convertthe hydroxyl groups completely or partially into a form, which does notshow any adverse interaction with the catalytically active centers.Suitable passivating agents are silicon halides, silanes or amines, eg.silicon tetrachloride, chlorotrimethylsilane, dichlorodialkylsilanes,dimethylaminotrichlorosilane, N,N-dimethylaniline orN,N-dimethylbenzylamine or organometallic compounds of aluminum, boronand magnesium, eg. aluminoxanes, trimethylaluminum, triethylaluminum,triisobutylaluminum, triethylborane or dibutylmagnesium.

As outlined above, organic support materials such as finely dividedpolymer powders, can also be used and should, before use, likewise befreed from any adhering moisture, solvent residues or other impuritiesby means of appropriate purification and drying operations.

Preference is given to using silica gels having the defined parametersas support materials.

Compounds having at least one functional group containing activehydrogen like hydroxyl groups, mercapto groups, primary and secondaryamino groups, silanol groups, carboxyl groups, amido groups and iminogroups are used as component D) in the catalyst preparation. Preferredfunctional groups are hydroxyl groups.

Preferred compounds D) are, in particular those of the formula (VI)(R¹⁴)_(s)—G—(OH)_(r)  (VI)

where

-   G is an atom of group III (e.g., Al, Ga, In, Tl), IV (e.g., C, Si,    Ge, Sn, Pb) or V (e.g., N, P, As, Sb, Bi) of the Periodic Table or a    group comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably an atom of    main group III of the Periodic Table, in particular boron or    aluminum, or a partially halogenated or perhalogenated C₁-C₂₀-alkyl    or C₆-C₄₀-aryl group and is particularly preferably an atom of main    group III of the Periodic Table, preferably boron or aluminum and in    particular boron,-   R¹⁴ are identical or different and are each, independently of one    another, hydrogen, halogen, C₁-C₂₀-alkyl, C₁-C₂₀-haloalkyl,    C₁-C₁₀-alkoxy, C₆-C₂₀-aryl, C₆-C₂₀-haloaryl, C₆-C₂₀-aryloxy,    C₇-C₄₀-arylalkyl, C₇-C₄₀-haloarylalkyl, C₇-C₄₀-alkylaryl or C₇-C₄₀    haloalkylaryl or R¹⁴ is an OSIR¹⁵ ₃ group, where-   R¹⁵ are identical or different and are each hydrogen, halogen,    C₁-C₂₀-alkyl, C₁-C₂₀-haloalkyl, C₁-C₁₀-alkoxy, C₆-C₂₀-aryl,    C₆-C₂₀-haloaryl, C₆-C₂₀-aryloxy, C₇-C₄₀-arylalkyl,    C₇-C₄₀-haloarylalkyl, C₇-C₄₀-alkylaryl or C₇-C₄₀-haloalkylaryl, and    R¹⁴ is preferably hydrogen, halogen, C₆-C₁₄-aryl, C₆-C₁₄-haloaryl,    C₁-C₁₄-alkyl, C₁-C₁₄-haloalkyl, C₇-C₃₀-arylalkyl,    C₇-C₃₀-haloarylalkyl, C₇-C₃₀-alkylaryl or C₇-C₃₀-haloalkylaryl and    is particularly preferably C₆-C₁₀-aryl, C₆-C₁₀-haloaryl,    C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-haloalkyl, C₇-C₂₀-alkylaryl or    C₇-C₂₀-haloalkylaryl,-   r is at least 1 and is preferably from 1 to 5, in particular 1 or 2    and very particularly preferably 1, and-   s is an integer from 0 to 30, with particular preference being given    to s being 2 when r is 1 or being 1 when r is 2.

Preferred organic compounds of the formula (VI) containing hydroxylgroups include compounds having partially fluorinated or perfluorinatedaryl groups, e.g. pentafluorophenol or nonafluorobiphenyl-1-ol ordihydroxyoctafluorobiphenyl. Such compounds D) can also be used in theform of an adduct with from 1 to 10 parts of water, in particular whencontaining two hydroxyl groups.

Particular preferred compounds of the formula (VI) are borinic acids ofthe formula R¹⁴ ₂B(OH) and/or boronic acids of the formula R¹⁴B(OH)₂,especially Bis(pentafluorophenyl)borinic acid andpentafluorophenylboronic acid.

The component E) used in the preparation of the catalyst is at least oneorganometallic compound of the formula VII,M⁵(R²²)_(t)(R²³)_(u)(R²⁴)_(v)  (VII)

wherein

-   M⁵ is an alkali metal (eg., Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs), an alkaline earth    metal (e.g., Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba) or a metal of group III (e.g., B,    Al, Ga, In, Tl) of the Periodic Table of the Elements,-   R²² is a hydrogen atom, alkyl of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms,    aryl of from 6 to about 15 carbon atoms, or alkylaryl or arylalkyl    each having from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl part and    from 6 to about 20 carbon atoms in the aryl part,-   R²³ and R²⁴ are each a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, alkyl of from    1 to about 10 carbon atoms, aryl of from about 6 to about 15 carbon    atoms, or alkylaryl, arylalkyl or alkoxy each having from 1 to 10    carbon atoms in the alkyl part and from 6 to about 20 carbon atoms    in the aryl radical,-   t is an integer from 1 to 3 and u and v are integers from 0 to 2,    where the sum t+u+v corresponds to the valence of M⁵,

where this component is not identical with the above mentionedcocatalytically active compounds. It is also possible to use mixtures ofvarious metal compounds of the formula VII.

Among the metal compounds of the formula VII preference is given tothose in which

-   M⁵ is lithium, magnesium or aluminum and R²³ and R²⁴ are each alkyl    of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms.

Particularly preferred metal compounds of the formula VII aren-butyllithium, n -butyl-n-octyl-magnesium, n-butyl-n-heptylmagnesium,trimethylaluminum, triethylaluminum, triisopropylaluminum,trihexylaluminum, trioctylaluminum, tri-n -butylaluminum,triisobutylaluminum,tri-n-propylaluminum, triisoprenylaluminum,dimethylaluminum monochloride, diethylaluminum monochloride,diisobutylaluminum monochloride, methylaluminum sesquichloride,ethylaluminum sesquichloride, dimethylaluminum hydride, diethylaluminumhydride, diisopropylaluminum hydride, dimethylaluminumtrimethylsiloxide, dimethylaluminum triethylsiloxide, phenylalane,pentafluorophenylalane and o-tolylalane.

It is also possible to use mixtures of various metal compounds of theformula (VII).

The catalyst system of the present invention is obtainable by reactingat least one Lewis base B) and at least one organic compound having atleast one functional group containing active hydrogen D) and at leastone organometallic compound E) with a support C). The product issubsequently reacted with a solution or suspension of one or moremetallocene A) and, if desired, one or more organometallic compounds E).

To prepare the catalyst system of the present invention, the supportmaterial is suspended in a suitable organic solvent. The support can bepretreated beforehand with a compound of the formula (VII). One or moreLewis-bases of the formula (V) is/are subsequently added to thesuspension, with the reaction time being able to be from one minute to48 hours, preferably from 10 minutes to 2 hours. The reaction product(referred to as activated support) can be isolated and subsequentlyresuspended or else can be reacted directly with at least one of thecocatalytically active compounds. Preference is given to using from 0.1to 4 equivalents of a Lewis base of the formula V per equivalent of thecocatalytically active compound. Particular preference is given to usingfrom 0.5 to 1 equivalent of a Lewis base of the formula V per equivalentof the cocatalytically active compound. The cocatalytically activecompounds are prepared separately by dissolving an organometalliccompound of formula VII in a suitable organic solvent and subsequentlyadding at least one compound of formula VI either in solution or as apure substance. The reaction time here is being able to vary from oneminute to 48 h, preferably from 10 minutes to 3 hours. Thestoichiometric ratio of an organic compound of formula VI and theorganometallic compound of formula VII is from about 3:1 to 5:1,preference is given to a ratio of about 3:1 to 4:1; particularpreference is given to a ratio of 3:1 between a compound of formula VIand formula VII.

The cocatalytically active reaction product can be isolated or useddirectly in solution for the reaction with the activated support. Thereaction time here is from one minute to 48 hours, preferably from 10minutes to 2 hours. The reaction product of this reaction is a compoundwhich is capable of forming metallocene ions and is covalently bound tothe support material. This is herein after referred to as the modifiedsupport material. The reaction mixture is subsequently filtered and thesolid is washed with a suitable solvent. The modified support materialis then dried in a high vacuum. The modified support material can beresuspended after drying and be after-treated with a compound of theformula VII. However, the compound of the formula VII can also be addedbefore filtration and drying of the modified support material.

The application of one or more metallocenes A), preferably of theformula 1a-1d, and, if desired, one or more organometallic compounds ofthe formula VII to the modified support material is preferably carriedout by dissolving or suspending one or more metallocenes A) in onesuitable solvent and subsequently reacting it with one or more compoundsof the formula (VII) which is/are preferably likewise in dissolved orsuspended form. The stoichiometric ratio of metallocenes A) to theorganometallic compound of the formula (VII) is from 100:1 to 10⁻⁴:1.The ratio is preferably from 1:1 to 10⁻²:1. The modified supportmaterial can either be placed directly in the polymerization reactor orin a reaction flask in one suitable solvent. This is followed by theaddition of the mixture of a metallocene A) and an organometalliccompound of the formula (VII). However, if desired, one or moremetallocenes A) can also be added to the modified support materialwithout prior addition of an organometallic compound of the formula(VI).

The ratio of the modified support to the metallocene A) is preferablyfrom 10 g:1 μmol to 10⁻² g:1 μmol. The stoichiometric ratio of themetallocene A) to units of the cocatalytically active compound is from100:1 to 10⁴:1, preferably from 1:1 to 10⁻²:1.

The resultant catalyst system can be isolated by removing the major partof the solvent from the resulting mixture, optionally washing thecatalyst system with a suitable solvent, and/or drying the catalystsystem at temperatures of 30 to 60° C., and optionally prepolymerizingthe resulting catalyst with one or more olefinic monomer(s) to obtain aprepolymerized catalyst system.

All of the above-described reactions for preparing the catalyst systemof the present invention are carried out at from about −40 to about 110°C., preferably at from about −10° C. to about 80° C. particularlypreferably at from about 10° C. to about 80° C. Suitable solvents forall of the above described reactions are aromatic or aliphatic solvents,for example hexane, heptane, toluene or xylene, or halogenatedhydrocarbons such as ethylene chloride or halogenated aromatichydrocarbons such as o-dichlorobenzene.

The present invention also provides a process for preparing a polyolefinby polymerization of one or more olefins in the presence of the catalystsystem of the present invention comprising at least one metallocene A).For the purposes of the present invention, the term polymerizationrefers to both homopolymerization and copolymerization and the termcopolymerization includes terpolymerisation or copolymerisation of morethan three different monomers.

Preference is given to polymerizing olefins of the formulaR^(m)—CH═CH—R^(n), where R^(m) and R^(n) are identical or different andare each a hydrogen atom or a radical having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms,in particular from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and R^(m) and R^(n) togetherwith the atoms connecting them can form one or more rings.

Suitable olefins are 1-olefins, e.g. ethene, propene, 1-butene,1-pentene, 1-hexene, 4-methyl-1-pentene or 1-octene, styrene, dienessuch as 1,3-butadiene, 1,4-hexadiene, vinylnorbornene, norbornadiene,ethylnorbornadiene and cyclic olefins such as norbornene,tetracyclododecene or methylnorbornene. In the process of the presentinvention, preference is given to homopolymerizing propene or ethene orcopolymerizing propene with ethene and/or one or more 1-olefins havingfrom 4 to 20 carbon atoms, eg. 1-butene or hexene, and/or one or moredienes having from 4 to 20 carbon atoms, eg. 1,4-butadiene,norbornadiene, ethylidenenorbornene or ethylnorbornadiene. Very suitablecopolymers are ethene-propene copolymers, propene-1-pentene copolymersand ethene-propene-1-butene, ethene-propene-1-pentene orethene-propene-1,4-hexadiene terpolymers.

The polymerization is carried out at from about −60° C. to about 300°C., preferably from about 50° C. to about 200° C., very particularlypreferably from 50° C. to about 95° C. The pressure is from 0.5 to 2000bar, preferably from about 5 to 100 bar.

The polymerization can be carried out in solution, in bulk, insuspension or in the gas phase, continuously or batchwise, in one ormore stages. As an example, impact copolymers are preferably produced inmore than one stage. The homopolymer or random copolymer content of sucha polymer can be produced in (a) first stage(s) and the copolymer rubbercontent can be produced in (a) consecutive stage(s).

The supported catalyst system prepared according to the presentinvention can be used as sole catalyst component for the polymerizationof olefins or preferably in combination with at least one alkyl compoundof elements of main Groups I to III of the Periodic Table, for examplean aluminum alkyl, magnesium alkyl or lithium alkyl or an aluminoxane.The alkyl compound is added to the monomer or suspension medium andserves to free the monomer of substances, which can impair the catalyticactivity. The amount of alkyl compound added depends on the quality ofthe monomers used.

To prepare olefin polymers having a broad or bimodal molecular weightdistribution or a broad or bimodal melting range, it is recommended touse a catalyst system comprising two or more different organictransition metal compounds A) and/or two or more different cocatalysts.Alternatively two or more different catalyst systems of the presentinvention can be used as a mixture.

As molar mass regulator and/or to increase the activity, hydrogen isadded if required.

The catalyst system may be supplied to the polymerization system as asolid or in the form of a suspension in a hydrocarbon or may be treatedwith inert components, such as paraffins, oils, or waxes, to achievebetter metering. If the catalyst system is to be metered into thereactor together with the monomer to be polymerized or the monomermixture to be polymerized, the mixing unit and the metering line arepreferably cooled.

Furthermore, an additive such as an antistatic or an alcohol can be usedin the process of the present invention, for example to improve theparticle morphology of the olefin polymer. In general it is possible touse all antistatics which are suitable in olefin polymerizationprocesses. It is preferred to dose the antistatic directly into thepolymerization system, either together with or separately from thecatalyst system used.

The polymers prepared using the catalyst systems of the presentinvention display a uniform particle morphology and contain no fines. Noagglomerates or deposits are obtained in the polymerization using thecatalyst system of the present invention.

The catalyst systems of the present invention give polymers such aspolypropylene (“PP”) having high molecular weight and cover a broadrange of stereospecificity and regiospecificity and the productivity ofthe catalyst system used is very high.

The polymers prepared by the process of the present invention aresuitable, in particular, for producing products such as fibers,filaments, injection-molded parts, films, sheets, caps, closures,bottles or large hollow bodies such as pipes with excellent properties.

EXAMPLES

General Procedures

The preparation and handling of the organometallic compounds werecarried out under argon using Schlenk techniques or in a glove box. Allsolvents were purged with argon and dried over molecular sieves beforeuse. The polymers produced and the metallocenes used were characterizedby ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR, DSC, GPC and IR spectroscopy.

Room temperature: 20° C.

Example 1

Preparation of Catalyst System 1

a) Preparation of Tris(bis(pentafluorophenylboroxy))alane

1 mL of trimethylaluminium solution (2.1 M in Exxol) is introduced into13 mL of toluene at room temperature, 2.17 g (6.0 mmoles) ofbis(pentafluorophenyl)borinic acid are added. After the addition thesuspension is heated at 60° C. for 90 minutes.

b) Preparation of Supported Tris(bis(pentafluorophenylboroxy))alane

1.5 g of SiO₂ (Grace XPO 2107, dried at 180° C. and 1 mbar for 16 h) aresuspended in 15 mL of toluene. 225 μL (1.5 mmoles) ofN,N-dimethylbenzylamine are added, and the suspension is stirred slowlyfor one hour at room temperature. The solution prepared in (a) is addeddropwise to this suspension at room temperature, and the resultingsuspension is stirred for one hour at room temperature. The suspensionis filtered through a G4 fritted glass filter, the residue is washedwith 5 ml heptane and the residue is dried in a vacuum. 3.1 g of thesupport material are obtained.

c) Preparation of Catalyst System 1

71.2 mg (0.124 mmole) of dimethylsilanediylbis(2-methyl-4,5-benzindenyl)-zirconium dichloride are dissolved in 26 mL of toluene and 590 μL of atrimethylaluminium solution (2.1 M in toluene) are added dropwise atroom temperature. The suspension is stirred for one hour at 50° C. Thissolution is added dropwise to a suspension of 2.9 g of the supportmaterial prepared in (b) in 15 mL of toluene. The suspension is stirredfor one hour at room temperature, and the solvent is removed in avacuum. About 3.1-3.3 g of a free-flowing powder are obtained.

Example 2

Polymerization Procedure A with Catalyst System 1

A dry 1.8 dm³ autoclave is purged with nitrogen and subsequently withpropylene and charged with 1500 cm³ of liquid propylene. 2 cm³ oftriisobutylaluminum (20 wt.- % solution in heptane) are added and themixture is stirred for 15 minutes at 30° C.

For the polymerizations 0.002 mmol of the respective metallocenecompounds, supported according to Example 1, are used. The correspondingamount of the catalyst powder is suspended in 20 cm³ of heptane and isinjected with 15 cm³ of heptane. The reaction mixture is heated to thepolymerization temperature of 65° C. and polymerization is allowed toproceed at 65° C. for 60 minutes. The polymerization is stopped byreleasing the liquid monomer and cooling down the reactor. The producedpolymer is dried under reduced pressure at 80° C. and 380 g of polymerare obtained corresponding to an activity of 330 kg PP/(gmetallocene×h). The polymer produced was a free flowing powder ofspherical polymer particles with a narrow particle size distribution anda bulk density>430 g/dm³.

Comparison Example 3

Preparation of Catalyst System 2

a) Preparation of Bis(pentafluorophenylboroxy)methylalane

1 mL of trimethylaluminium solution (2.1 M in Exxol) is introduced into13 mL of toluene at room temperature, 1.45 g (4.0 mmoles) ofbis(pentafluorophenyl)borinic acid are added. After the addition thesuspension is heated at 60° C. for 90 minutes.

b) Preparation of Supported Bis(pentafluorophenylboroxy)methylalane

1.5 g of SiO₂ (Grace XPO 2107, dried at 180° C. and 1 mbar for 16 h) aresuspended in 15 mL of toluene. 225 μL (1.5 mmoles) ofN,N-dimethylbenzylamine are added, and the suspension is stirred slowlyfor one hour at room temperature. The solution prepared in (a) is addeddropwise to this suspension at room temperature, and the resultingsuspension is stirred for one hour at room temperature. The suspensionis filtered through a G4 fritted glass filter, the residue is washedwith 5 ml heptane and the residue is dried in a vacuum. 2.5 g of thesupport material are obtained.

c) Preparation of Catalyst System 2

60.0 mg (0.104 mmole) of dimethylsilanediylbis(2-methyl-4,5-benzindenyl)-zirconium dichloride are dissolved are dissolved in 22 mL of tolueneand 495 μL of a trimethylaluminium solution (2.1 M in toluene) are addeddropwise at room temperature. The suspension is stirred for one hour at50° C. This solution is added dropwise to a suspension of 2.3 g of thesupport material prepared in (b) in 12 mL of toluene. The suspension isstirred for one hour at room temperature, and the solvent is removed ina vacuum. About 2.3-2.5 g of a free-flowing powder are obtained.

Comparison Example 4.1

Polymerization Procedure A with Catalyst System 2

A dry 1.8 dm³ autoclave is purged with nitrogen and subsequently withpropylene and charged with 1500 cm³ of liquid propylene. 2 cm³ oftriisobutylaluminum (20 wt.- % solution in heptane) are added and themixture is stirred for 15 minutes at 30° C.

For the polymerizations 0.006 mmol of the respective metallocenecompounds, supported according to Comparison Example 3, are used. Thecorresponding amount of the catalyst powder is suspended in 20 cm³ ofheptane and is injected with 15 cm³ of heptane. The reaction mixture isheated to the polymerization temperature of 65° C. and polymerization isallowed to proceed at 65° C. for 60 minutes. The polymerization isstopped by releasing the liquid monomer and cooling down the reactor.The produced polymer is dried under reduced pressure at 80° C. and 505 gof polymer are obtained corresponding to an activity of 146 kg PP/(gmetallocene×h).

Comparison Example 4.2

Polymerization Procedure A with Catalyst System 2

A dry 1.8 dm³ autoclave is purged with nitrogen and subsequently withpropylene and charged with 1500 cm³ of liquid propylene. 2 cm³ oftriisobutylaluminum (20 wt. % solution in heptane) are added and themixture is stirred for 15 minutes at 30° C.

For the polymerizations 0.002 mmol of the respective metallocenecompounds, supported according to Comparison Example 3, are used. Thecorresponding amount of the catalyst powder is suspended in 20 cm³ ofheptane and is injected with 15 cm³ of heptane. The reaction mixture isheated to the polymerization temperature of 65° C. and polymerization isallowed to proceed at 65° C. for 60 minutes. The polymerization isstopped by releasing the liquid monomer and cooling down the reactor.The produced polymer is dried under reduced pressure at 80° C. and 155 gof polymer are obtained corresponding to an activity of 135 kg PP/(gmetallocene×h).

Comparison Example 5

Preparation of Catalyst System 3

18.5 mg (0.032 mmol) of dimethylsilanediylbis(2-methyl-4,5-benzindenyl)-zirconium dichloride are dissolved in 10 ml toluene at roomtemperature. To this solution 1.5 ml of a methylaluminoxane solution(30% in toluene) are added. The solution is stirred for one hour at roomtemperature. This solution is added to a suspension of 1.5 g of SiO₂(Grace XPO 2107, dried at 180° C. and 1 mbar for 16 h) in 10 ml oftoluene. The corresponding suspension is stirred at room temperature for15 minutes and the solvent is removed in vacuum. About 1.8 to 2.1 g of afree-flowing powder are obtained.

Comparison Example 6

Polymerisation with Catalyst System 3

A dry 1.8 dm³ autoclave is purged with nitrogen and subsequently withpropylene and charged with 1500 cm³ of liquid propylene. 2 cm³ oftriisobutylaluminum (20 wt.- % solution in heptane) are added and themixture is stirred for 15 minutes at 30° C.

For the polymerizations 0.006 mmol of the respective metallocenecompounds, supported according to Comparison Example 5 are used. Thecorresponding amount of the catalyst powder is suspended in 20 cm³ ofheptane and is injected with 15 cm³ of heptane. The reaction mixture isheated to the polymerization temperature of 65° C. and polymerization isallowed to proceed at 65° C. for 60 minutes. The polymerization isstopped by releasing the liquid monomer and cooling down the reactor.The produced polymer is dried under reduced pressure at 80° C. and 149 gof polymer are obtained corresponding to an activity of 43 kg PP/(gmetallocene×h).

Example 7

Preparation of Catalyst System 4

a) Preparation of Tris(bis(pentafluorophenylboroxy))alane

1 mL of trimethylaluminium solution (2.1 M in Exxol) is introduced into13 mL of toluene at room temperature, 2.17 g (6.0 mmoles) ofbis(pentafluorophenyl)borinic acid are added. After the addition thesuspension is heated at 60° C. for 90 minutes.

b) Preparation of Supported Tris(bis(pentafluorophenylboroxy))alane

1.5 g of SiO₂ (Grace XPO 2107, dried at 180° C. and 1 mbar for 16 h) aresuspended in 15 mL of toluene. 225 μL (1.5 mmoles) ofN,N-dimethylbenzylamine are added, and the suspension is stirred slowlyfor one hour at room temperature. The solution prepared in (a) is addeddropwise to this suspension at room temperature, and the resultingsuspension is stirred for one hour at room temperature. The suspensionis filtered through a G4 fritted glass filter, the residue is washedwith 5 ml heptane and is dried in a vacuum. 3.0 g of the supportmaterial are obtained.

c) Preparation of Catalyst System 4

83.3 mg (0.112 mmole) of dimethylsilanediylbis(2-methyl-4-(4′-tert-butyl-phenyl-indenyl)zirconium dichloride are dissolved in 30 mL of tolueneand 534 μL of a trimethylaluminium solution (2.1 M in toluene) are addeddropwise at room temperature. The suspension is stirred for one hour at50° C. This solution is added dropwise to a suspension of 2.8 g of thesupport material prepared in (b) in 15 mL of toluene. The suspension isstirred for one hour at room temperature, and the solvent is removed ina vacuum. About 3.0-3.2 g of a free-flowing powder are obtained.

Example 8

Polymerisation with Catalyst System 4

A dry 1.8 dm³ autoclave is purged with nitrogen and subsequently withpropylene and charged with 1500 cm³ of liquid propylene. 2 cm³ oftriisobutylaluminum (20 wt.- % solution in heptane) are added and themixture is stirred for 15 minutes at 30° C.

For the polymerizations 0.004 mmol of the respective metallocenecompounds, supported according to example 7, are used. The correspondingamount of the catalyst powder is suspended in 20 cm³ of heptane and isinjected with 15 cm³ of heptane. The reaction mixture is heated to thepolymerization temperature of 65° C. and polymerization is allowed toproceed at 65° C. for 60 minutes. The polymerization is stopped byreleasing the liquid monomer and cooling down the reactor. The producedpolymer is dried under reduced pressure at 80° C. and 447 g of polymerare obtained corresponding to an activity of 151 kg PP/(gmetallocene×h).

Comparison Example 9

Preparation of Catalyst System 5

a) Preparation of Bis(pentafluorophenylboroxy)methylalane

1 mL of trimethylaluminium solution (2.1 M in Exxol) is introduced into13 mL of toluene at room temperature, 1.45 g (4.0 mmoles) ofbis(pentafluorophenyl)borinic acid are added. After the addition thesuspension is heated at 60° C. for 90 minutes.

b) Preparation of Supported Bis(pentafluorophenylboroxy)methylalane

1.5 g of SiO₂ (Grace XPO 2107, dried at 180° C. and 1 mbar for 16 h) aresuspended in 15 mL of toluene. 225 μL (1.5 mmoles) ofN,N-dimethylbenzylamine are added, and the suspension is stirred slowlyfor one hour at room temperature. The solution prepared in (a) is addeddropwise to this suspension at room temperature, and the resultingsuspension is stirred for one hour at room temperature. The suspensionis filtered through a G4 fritted glass filter, the residue is washedwith 5 ml heptane and the residue is dried in a vacuum. 2.6 g of thesupport material are obtained.

c) Preparation of Catalyst System 5

80.2 mg (0.108 mmole) of dimethylsilanediylbis(2-methyl-4-(4′-tert-butyl-phenyl-indenyl)zirconium dichloride are dissolved are dissolved in 29mL of toluene and 514 μL of a trimethylaluminium solution (2.1 M intoluene) are added dropwise at room temperature. The suspension isstirred for one hour at 50° C. This solution is added dropwise to asuspension of 2.3 g of the support material prepared in (b) in 12 mL oftoluene. The suspension is stirred for one hour at room temperature, andthe solvent is removed in a vacuum. About 2.3-2.5 g of a free-flowingpowder are obtained.

Comparison Example 10

Polymerization Procedure A with Catalyst System 5

A dry 1.8 dm³ autoclave is purged with nitrogen and subsequently withpropylene and charged with 1500 cm³ of liquid propylene. 2 cm³ oftriisobutylaluminum (20 wt.- % solution in heptane) are added and themixture is stirred for 15 minutes at 30° C.

For the polymerizations 0.006 mmol of the respective metallocenecompounds, supported according to Comparison Example 9, are used. Thecorresponding amount of the catalyst powder is suspended in 20 cm³ ofheptane and is injected with 15 cm³ of heptane. The reaction mixture isheated to the polymerization temperature of 65° C. and polymerization isallowed to proceed at 65° C. for 60 minutes. The polymerization isstopped by releasing the liquid monomer and cooling down the reactor.The produced polymer is dried under reduced pressure at 80° C. and 160 gof polymer are obtained corresponding to an activity of 36 kg PP/(gmetallocene×h)).

Comparison Example 11

Preparation of Catalyst System 6

23.7 mg (0.032 mmol) ofdimethylsilanediylbis(2-methyl-4-(4′-tert-butyl-phenyl-indenyl)zirconium dichloride are dissolved in 10 ml toluene at roomtemperature. To this solution 1.5 ml of a methylaluminoxane solution(30% in toluene) are added. The solution is stirred for one hour at roomtemperature. This solution is added to a suspension of 1.5 g of SiO₂(Grace XPO 2107, dried at 180° C. and 1 mbar for 16 h) in 10 ml oftoluene. The corresponding suspension is stirred at room temperature for15 minutes and the solvent is removed in vacuum. About 1.8 to 2.1 g of afree-flowing powder are obtained.

Comparison Example 12

Polymerisation with Catalyst System 6

A dry 1.8 dm³ autoclave is purged with nitrogen and subsequently withpropylene and charged with 1500 cm³ of liquid propylene. 2 cm³ oftriisobutylaluminum (20 wt.- % solution in heptane) are added and themixture is stirred for 15 minutes at 30° C.

For the polymerizations 0.006 mmol of the respective metallocenecompounds, supported according to Comparison Example 11 are used. Thecorresponding amount of the catalyst powder is suspended in 20 cm³ ofheptane and is injected with 15 cm³ of heptane. The reaction mixture isheated to the polymerization temperature of 65° C.

and polymerization is allowed to proceed at 65° C. for 60 minutes. Thepolymerization is stopped by releasing the liquid monomer and coolingdown the reactor. The produced polymer is dried under reduced pressureat 80° C. and 196 g of polymer are obtained corresponding to an activityof 44 kg PP/(g catalyst×h).

Example 13

Preparation of Catalyst System 7

a) Preparation of Tris(bis(pentafluorophenylboroxy))alane

1 mL of trimethylaluminium solution (2.1 M in Exxol) is introduced into13 mL of toluene at room temperature, 2.17 g (6.0 mmoles) ofbis(pentafluorophenyl)borinic acid are added. After the addition thesuspension is heated at 60° C. for 90 minutes.

b) Preparation of Supported Tris(bis(pentafluorophenylboroxy))alane

1.5 g of SiO₂ (Grace XPO 2107, dried at 180° C. and 1 mbar for 16 h) aresuspended in 15 mL of toluene. 225 μL (1.5 mmoles) ofN,N-dimethylbenzylamine are added, and the suspension is stirred slowlyfor one hour at room temperature. The solution prepared in (a) is addeddropwise to this suspension at room temperature, and the resultingsuspension is stirred for one hour at room temperature. The suspensionis filtered through a G4 fritted glass filter, the residue is washedwith 5 ml heptane and the residue is dried in a vacuum. 3.1 g of thesupport material are obtained.

c) Preparation of Catalyst System 7

100.6 mg (0.124 mmole) ofCyclohexyl(methyl)silanediylbis(2-methyl-4-(4′-tert-butyl-phenyl)indenyl)zirconium dichloride are dissolved in 36 mL oftoluene and 590 μL of a trimethylaluminium solution (2.1 M in toluene)are added dropwise at room temperature. The suspension is stirred forone hour at 50° C. This solution is added dropwise to a suspension of3.0 g of the support material prepared in (b) in 15 mL of toluene. Thesuspension is stirred for one hour at room temperature, and the solventis removed in a vacuum. About 3.1-3.3 g of a free-flowing powder areobtained.

Example 14

Polymerization Procedure A with Catalyst System 7

A dry 1.8 dm³ autoclave is purged with nitrogen and subsequently withpropylene and charged with 1500 cm³ of liquid propylene. 2 cm³ oftriisobutylaluminum (20 wt.- % solution in heptane) are added and themixture is stirred for 15 minutes at 30° C.

For the polymerizations 0.002 mmol of the respective metallocenecompounds, supported according to example 13, are used. Thecorresponding amount of the catalyst powder is suspended in 20 cm³ ofheptane and is injected with 15 cm³ of heptane. The reaction mixture isheated to the polymerization temperature of 65° C. and polymerization isallowed to proceed at 65° C. for 60 minutes. The polymerization isstopped by releasing the liquid monomer and cooling down the reactor.The produced polymer is dried under reduced pressure at 80° C. and 502 gof polymer are obtained corresponding to an activity of 310 kg PP/(gmetallocene×h)).

Comparison Example 15

Preparation of Catalyst System 8

a) Preparation of Bis(pentafluorophenylboroxy)methylalane

1 mL of trimethylaluminium solution (2.1 M in Exxol) is introduced into13 mL of toluene at room temperature, 1.45 g (4.0 mmoles) ofbis(pentafluorophenyl)borinic acid are added. After the addition thesuspension is heated at 60° C. for 90 minutes.

b) Preparation of Supported Bis(pentafluorophenylboroxy)methylalane

1.5 g of SiO₂ (Grace XPO 2107, dried at 180° C. and 1 mbar for 16 h) aresuspended in 15 mL of toluene. 225 μL (1.5 mmoles) ofN,N-dimethylbenzylamine are added, and the suspension is stirred slowlyfor one hour at room temperature. The solution prepared in (a) is addeddropwise to this suspension at room temperature, and the resultingsuspension is stirred for one hour at room temperature. The suspensionis filtered through a G4 fritted glass filter, the residue is washedwith 5 ml heptane and the residue is dried in a vacuum. 2.6 g of thesupport material are obtained.

c) Preparation of Catalyst System 8

95.2 mg (0.118 mmole) ofCyclohexyl(methyl)silanediylbis(2-methyl-4-(4′-tert-butyl-phenyl)indenyl)zirconium dichloride are dissolved are dissolvedin 34 mL of toluene and 562 μL of a trimethylaluminium solution (2 M intoluene) are added dropwise at room temperature. The suspension isstirred for one hour at 50° C. This solution is added dropwise to asuspension of 2.5 g of the support material prepared in (b) in 12 mL oftoluene. The suspension is stirred for one hour at room temperature, andthe solvent is removed in a vacuum. About 2.5-2.7 g of a free-flowingpowder are obtained.

Comparison Example 16

Polymerization Procedure A with Catalyst System 8

A dry 1.8 dm³ autoclave is purged with nitrogen and subsequently withpropylene and charged with 1500 cm³ of liquid propylene. 2 cm³ oftriisobutylaluminum (20 wt.- % solution in heptane) are added and themixture is stirred for 15 minutes at 30° C.

For the polymerizations 0.004 mmol of the respective metallocenecompounds, supported according to Comparison Example 15, are used. Thecorresponding amount of the catalyst powder is suspended in 20 cm³ ofheptane and is injected with 15 cm³ of heptane. The reaction mixture isheated to the polymerization temperature of 65° C. and polymerization isallowed to proceed at 65° C. for 60 minutes. The polymerization isstopped by releasing the liquid monomer and cooling down the reactor.The produced polymer is dried under reduced pressure at 80° C. and 401 gof polymer are obtained corresponding to an activity of 124 kg PP/(gmetallocene×h).

Comparison Example 17

Preparation of Catalyst System 9

25.9 mg (0.032 mmol) ofCyclohexyl(methyl)silanediylbis(2-methyl-4-(4′-tert-butyl-phenyl)indenyl)zirconium dichloride are dissolved in 10 mltoluene at room temperature. To this solution 1.5 ml of amethylaluminoxane solution (30% in toluene) are added. The solution isstirred for one hour at room temperature. This solution is added to asuspension of 1.5 g of SiO₂ (Grace XPO 2107, dried at 180° C. and 1 mbarfor 16 h) in 10 ml of toluene. The corresponding suspension is stirredat room temperature for 15 minutes and the solvent is removed in vacuum.About 1.8 to 2.1 g of a free-flowing powder are obtained.

Comparison Example 18

Polymerisation with Catalyst System 9

A dry 1.8 dm³ autoclave is purged with nitrogen and subsequently withpropylene and charged with 1500 cm³ of liquid propylene. 2 cm³ oftriisobutylaluminum (20 wt.- % solution in heptane) are added and themixture is stirred for 15 minutes at 30° C.

For the polymerizations 0.006 mmol of the respective metallocenecompounds, supported according to Comparison Example 17 are used. Thecorresponding amount of the catalyst powder is suspended in 20 cm³ ofheptane and is injected with 15 cm³ of heptane. The reaction mixture isheated to the polymerization temperature of 65° C. and polymerization isallowed to proceed at 65° C. for 60 minutes. The polymerization isstopped by releasing the liquid monomer and cooling down the reactor.The produced polymer is dried under reduced pressure at 80° C. and 256 gof polymer are obtained corresponding to an activity of 53 kg PP/(gmetallocene×h).

Example 19

Preparation of Catalyst System 10

a) Preparation of Tris(bis(pentafluorophenylboroxy))alane

1 mL of trimethylaluminium solution (2.1 M in Exxol) is introduced into13 mL of toluene at room temperature, 2.17 g (6.0 mmoles) ofbis(pentafluorophenyl)borinic acid are added. After the addition thesuspension is heated at 60° C. for 90 minutes.

b) Preparation of Supported Tris(bis(pentafluorophenylboroxy))alane

1.5 g of SiO₂ (Grace XPO 2107, dried at 180° C. and 1 mbar for 16 h) aresuspended in 15 mL of toluene. 225 μL (1.5 mmoles) ofN,N-dimethylbenzylamine are added, and the suspension is stirred slowlyfor one hour at room temperature. The solution prepared in (a) is addeddropwise to this suspension at room temperature, and the resultingsuspension is stirred for one hour at room temperature. The suspensionis filtered through a G4 fritted glass filter, the residue is washedwith 5 ml heptane and the residue is dried in a vacuum. 3.1 g of thesupport material are obtained.

c) Preparation of Catalyst System 10

95.7 mg (0.124 mmole) of Dimethylsilanediyl(2-isopropyl-4-(4′-tert-butylphenyl)-1-indenyl)(2-methyl-4-(4′-tert-butylphenyl)-1-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride are dissolved in 35 mL of toluene and 590 μL of atrimethylaluminium solution (2.1 M in toluene) are added dropwise atroom temperature. The suspension is stirred for one hour at 50° C. Thissolution is added dropwise to a suspension of 3.0 g of the supportmaterial prepared in (b) in 15 mL of toluene. The suspension is stirredfor one hour at room temperature, and the solvent is removed in avacuum. About 3.1-3.3 g of a free-flowing powder are obtained.

Example 20

Polymerization Procedure A with Catalyst System 10

A dry 1.8 dm³ autoclave is purged with nitrogen and subsequently withpropylene and charged with 1500 cm³ of liquid propylene. 2 cm³ oftriisobutylaluminum (20 wt.- % solution in heptane) are added and themixture is stirred for 15 minutes at 30° C.

For the polymerizations 0.002 mmol of the respective metallocenecompounds, supported according to example 19, are used. Thecorresponding amount of the catalyst powder is suspended in 20 cm³ ofheptane and is injected with 15 cm³ of heptane. The reaction mixture isheated to the polymerization temperature of 65° C. and polymerization isallowed to proceed at 65° C. for 60 minutes. The polymerization isstopped by releasing the liquid monomer and cooling down the reactor.The produced polymer is dried under reduced pressure at 80° C. and 338 gof polymer are obtained corresponding to an activity of 220 kg PP/(gmetallocene×h)).

Comparison Example 21

Preparation of Catalyst System 11

a) Preparation of Bis(pentafluorophenylboroxy)methylalane

1 mL of trimethylaluminium solution (2.1 M in Exxol) is introduced into13 mL of toluene at room temperature, 1.45 g (4.0 mmoles) ofbis(pentafluorophenyl)borinic acid are added. After the addition thesuspension is heated at 60° C. for 90 minutes.

b) Preparation of Supported Bis(pentafluorophenylboroxy)methylalane

1.5 g of SiO₂ (Grace XPO 2107, dried at 180° C. and 1 mbar for 16 h) aresuspended in 15 mL of toluene. 225 μL (1.5 mmoles) ofN,N-dimethylbenzylamine are added, and the suspension is stirred slowlyfor one hour at room temperature. The solution prepared in (a) is addeddropwise to this suspension at room temperature, and the resultingsuspension is stirred for one hour at room temperature. The suspensionis filtered through a G4 fritted glass filter, the residue is washedwith 5 ml heptane and the residue is dried in a vacuum. 2.6 g of thesupport material are obtained.

c) Preparation of Catalyst System 11

86.9 mg (0.113 mmole) of dimethylsilanediyl(2-isopropyl-4-(4′-tert-butylphenyl)-1-indenyl)(2-methyl-4-(4′-tert-butylphenyl)-1-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride are dissolved are dissolved in 31 mL of toluene and 538 μL ofa trimethylaluminium solution (2.1 M in toluene) are added dropwise atroom temperature. The suspension is stirred for one hour at 50° C. Thissolution is added dropwise to a suspension of 2.4 g of the supportmaterial prepared in (b) in 12 mL of toluene. The suspension is stirredfor one hour at room temperature, and the solvent is removed in avacuum. About 2.4-2.6 g of a free-flowing powder are obtained.

Comparison Example 22

Polymerization Procedure A with Catalyst System 11

A dry 1.8 dm³ autoclave is purged with nitrogen and subsequently withpropylene and charged with 1500 cm³ of liquid propylene. 2 cm³ oftriisobutylaluminum (20 wt.- % solution in heptane) are added and themixture is stirred for 15 minutes at 30° C.

For the polymerizations 0.006 mmol of the respective metallocenecompounds, supported according to Comparison Example 21, are used. Thecorresponding amount of the catalyst powder is suspended in 20 cm³ ofheptane and is injected with 15 cm³ of heptane. The reaction mixture isheated to the polymerization temperature of 65° C. and polymerization isallowed to proceed at 65° C. for 60 minutes. The polymerization isstopped by releasing the liquid monomer and cooling down the reactor.The produced polymer is dried under reduced pressure at 80° C. and 461 gof polymer are obtained corresponding to an activity of 100 kg PP/(gmetallocene×h).

Comparison Example 23

Preparation of Catalyst System 12

24.6 mg (0.032 mmol) ofdimethylsilanediyl(2-isopropyl-4-(4′-tert-butylphenyl)-1-indenyl)(2-methyl-4-(4′-tert-butylphenyl)-1-indenyl)zirconiumdichloride are dissolved in 10 ml toluene at room temperature. To thissolution 1.5 ml of a methylaluminoxane solution (30% in toluene) areadded. The solution is stirred for one hour at room temperature. Thissolution is added to a suspension of 1.5 g of SiO₂ (Grace XPO 2107,dried at 180° C. and 1 mbar for 16 h) in 10 ml of toluene. Thecorresponding suspension is stirred at room temperature for 15 minutesand the solvent is removed in vacuum. About 1.8 to 2.1 g of afree-flowing powder are obtained.

Comparison Example 24

Polymerisation with Catalyst System 12

A dry 1.8 dm³ autoclave is purged with nitrogen and subsequently withpropylene and charged with 1500 cm³ of liquid propylene. 2 cm³ oftriisobutylaluminum (20 wt.- % solution in heptane) are added and themixture is stirred for 15 minutes at 30° C.

For the polymerizations 0.006 mmol of the respective metallocenecompounds, supported according to Example 23 are used. The correspondingamount of the catalyst powder is suspended in 20 cm³ of heptane and isinjected with 15 cm³ of heptane. The reaction mixture is heated to thepolymerization temperature of 65° C. and polymerization is allowed toproceed at 65° C. for 60 minutes. The polymerization is stopped byreleasing the liquid monomer and cooling down the reactor. The producedpolymer is dried under reduced pressure at 80° C. and 366 g of polymerare obtained corresponding to an activity of 79 kg PP/(g metallocene×h).

Example 25

Preparation of Catalyst System 13

a) Preparation of Tris(bis(pentafluorophenylboroxy))alane

1 mL of trimethylaluminium solution (2.1 M in Exxol) is introduced into13 mL of toluene at room temperature, 2.17 g (6.0 mmoles) ofbis(pentafluorophenyl)borinic acid are added. After the addition thesuspension is heated at 60° C. for 90 minutes.

b) Preparation of Supported Tris(bis(pentafluorophenylboroxy))alane

1.5 g of SiO₂ (Grace XPO 2107, dried at 180° C. and 1 mbar for 16 h) aresuspended in 15 mL of toluene. 225 μL (1.5 mmoles) ofN,N-dimethylbenzylamine are added, and the suspension is stirred slowlyfor one hour at room temperature. The solution prepared in (a) is addeddropwise to this suspension at room temperature, and the resultingsuspension is stirred for one hour at room temperature. The suspensionis filtered through a G4 fritted glass filter, the residue is washedwith 5 ml heptane and the residue is dried in a vacuum. 3.2 g of thesupport material are obtained.

c) Preparation of Catalyst System 13

61.1 mg (0.128 mmole) of dimethylsilanediylbis(2-methylindenyl)zirconiumdichloride are dissolved in 22 mL of toluene and 610 μL of atrimethylaluminium solution (2.1 M in toluene) are added dropwise atroom temperature. The suspension is stirred for one hour at 50° C. Thissolution is added dropwise to a suspension of 3.0 g of the supportmaterial prepared in (b) in 15 mL of toluene. The suspension is stirredfor one hour at room temperature, and the solvent is removed in avacuum. About 3.1-3.3 g of a free-flowing powder are obtained.

Example 26

Polymerization Procedure A with Catalyst System 13

A dry 1.8 dm³ autoclave is purged with nitrogen and subsequently withpropylene and charged with 1500 cm³ of liquid propylene. 2 cm³ oftriisobutylaluminum (20 wt.- % solution in heptane) are added and themixture is stirred for 15 minutes at 30° C.

For the polymerizations 0.004 mmol of the respective metallocenecompounds, supported according to Example 25, are used. Thecorresponding amount of the catalyst powder is suspended in 20 cm³ ofheptane and is injected with 15 cm³ of heptane. The reaction mixture isheated to the polymerization temperature of 65° C. and polymerization isallowed to proceed at 65° C. for 60 minutes. The polymerization isstopped by releasing the liquid monomer and cooling down the reactor.The produced polymer is dried under reduced pressure at 80° C. and 157 gof polymer are obtained corresponding to an activity of 82 kg PP/(gmetallocene×h).

Comparison Example 27

Preparation of Catalyst System 14

a) Preparation of Bis(pentafluorophenylboroxy)methylalane

1 mL of trimethylaluminium solution (2.1 M in Exxol) is introduced into13 mL of toluene at room temperature, 1.45 g (4.0 mmoles) ofbis(pentafluorophenyl)borinic acid are added. After the addition thesuspension is heated at 60° C. for 90 minutes.

b) Preparation of Supported Bis(pentafluorophenylboroxy)methylalane

1.5 g of SiO₂ (Grace XPO 2107, dried at 180° C. and 1 mbar for 16 h) aresuspended in 15 mL of toluene. 225 μL (1.5 mmoles) ofN,N-dimethylbenzylamine are added, and the suspension is stirred slowlyfor one hour at room temperature. The solution prepared in (a) is addeddropwise to this suspension at room temperature, and the resultingsuspension is stirred for one hour at room temperature. The suspensionis filtered through a G4 fritted glass filter, the residue is washedwith 5 ml heptane and the residue is dried in a vacuum. 2.5 g of thesupport material are obtained.

c) Preparation of Catalyst System 14

48.9 mg (0.102 mmole) of dimethylsilanediylbis(2-methylindenyl)zirconiumdichloride are dissolved are dissolved in 18 mL of toluene and 510 μL ofa trimethylaluminium solution (2.1 M in toluene) are added dropwise atroom temperature. The suspension is stirred for one hour at 50° C. Thissolution is added dropwise to a suspension of 2.3 g of the supportmaterial prepared in (b) in 12 mL of toluene. The suspension is stirredfor one hour at room temperature, and the solvent is removed in avacuum. About 2.3-2.5 g of a free-flowing powder are obtained.

Comparison Example 28

Polymerization Procedure A with Catalyst System 14

A dry 1.8 dm³ autoclave is purged with nitrogen and subsequently withpropylene and charged with 1500 cm³ of liquid propylene. 2 cm³ oftriisobutylaluminum (20 wt.- % solution in heptane) are added and themixture is stirred for 15 minutes at 30° C.

For the polymerizations 0.006 mmol of the respective metallocenecompounds, supported according to Comparison Example 27, are used. Thecorresponding amount of the catalyst powder is suspended in 20 cm³ ofheptane and is injected with 15 cm³ of heptane. The reaction mixture isheated to the polymerization temperature of 65° C. and polymerization isallowed to proceed at 65° C. for 60 minutes. The polymerization isstopped by releasing the liquid monomer and cooling down the reactor.The produced polymer is dried under reduced pressure at 80° C. and 97 gof polymer are obtained corresponding to an activity of 34 kg PP/(gmetallocene×h).

Comparison Example 29

Preparation of Catalyst System 15

15.3 mg (0.032 mmol) of dimethylsilanediylbis(2-methylindenyl)zirconiumdichloride are dissolved in 10 ml toluene at room temperature. To thissolution 1.5 ml of a methylaluminoxane solution (30% in toluene) areadded. The solution is stirred for one hour at room temperature. Thissolution is added to a suspension of 1.5 g of SiO₂ (Grace XPO 2107,dried at 180° C. and 1 mbar for 16 h) in 10 ml of toluene. Thecorresponding suspension is stirred at room temperature for 15 minutesand the solvent is removed in vacuum. About 1.8 to 2.1 g of afree-flowing powder are obtained.

Comparison Example 30

Polymerisation with Catalyst System 15

A dry 1.8 dm³ autoclave is purged with nitrogen and subsequently withpropylene and charged with 1500 cm³ of liquid propylene. 2 cm³ oftriisobutylaluminum (20 wt.- % solution in heptane) are added and themixture is stirred for 15 minutes at 30° C.

For the polymerizations 0.006 mmol of the respective metallocenecompounds, supported according to comparison example 29 are used. Thecorresponding amount of the catalyst powder is suspended in 20 cm³ ofheptane and is injected with 15 cm³ of heptane. The reaction mixture isheated to the polymerization temperature of 65° C. and polymerization isallowed to proceed at 65° C. for 60 minutes. The polymerization isstopped by releasing the liquid monomer and cooling down the reactor.The produced polymer is dried under reduced pressure at 80° C. and 80 gof polymer are obtained corresponding to an activity of 28 kg PP/(gmetallocene×h).

1. A process for the preparation of a catalyst system, comprising thesteps of: a) combining a Lewis base, at least one organic compoundhaving at least one functional group containing active hydrogen, and afirst organometallic component containing at least one organometalliccompound with a particulate support material, to provide an intermediatecomposition; b) combining the intermediate composition with one or moremetallocene compound, wherein the stoichiometric ratio of the organiccompound having active hydrogen to the first organometallic componentcontaining at least one organometallic compound ranges from about 3:1 to5:1.
 2. A process for the preparation of a catalyst system, comprisingthe steps of: a) providing a Lewis base having the formula V:M²R¹¹R¹²R¹³  (V) wherein M² is an element of group V of the PeriodicTable of the Elements, R¹¹, R¹² and R¹³ are identical or different andare each a hydrogen atom, a C₁-C₂₀-alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀-haloalkyl groupor a C₇-C₄₀-arylalkyl group, where two radicals or all three radicalsR¹¹, R¹² and R¹³ may be joined to one another via C₂-C₂₀ units, where atleast one radical R¹¹, R¹² or R¹³ is a C₇-C₄₀-arylalkyl group; b)providing an organic compound of formula VI having at least onefunctional group containing active hydrogen:(R¹⁴)_(s)—G—(OH)_(r)  (VI) wherein G is an atom of Group III, IV or V ofthe Periodic Table of the Elements or a group comprising from 2 to 20carbon atoms, or a partially halogenated or perhalogenatedC₁-C₂₀-saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon or C₆-C₄₀-aromatic group, R¹⁴ areidentical or different and are each, independently of one another,hydrogen, halogen, C₁-C₂₀ alkyl, C₁-C₂₀ haloalkyl, C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy, C₆-C₂₀aryl, C₆-C₂₀ haloaryl, C₆-C₂₀ aryloxy, C₇-C₄₀ arylalkyl, C₇-C₄₀haloarylalkyl, C₇-C₄₀ alkylaryl or C₇-C₄₀ haloalkylaryl or R¹⁴ is anOSiR¹⁵ ₃ group, where R¹⁵ are identical or different and are eachhydrogen, halogen, C₁-C₂₀ alkyl, C₁-C₂₀ haloalkyl, C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy, C₆-C₂₀aryl, C₆-C₂₀ haloaryl, C₆-C₂₀ aryloxy, C₇-C₄₀ arylalkyl, C₇-C₄₀haloarylalkyl, C₇-C₄₀ alkylaryl or C₇-C₄₀ haloalkylaryl, r is at least1, and s is an integer from 0 to 30; c) providing at least oneorganometallic compound having formula VII:M⁵(R²²)_(t)((R²³)_(u)(R²⁴)_(v)  (VII) wherein M⁵is an alkali metal, analkaline earth metal or a metal of group III of the Periodic Table ofthe Elements, R²² is a hydrogen atom, alkyl of from 1 to about 10 carbonatoms, aryl of from 6 to about 15 carbon atoms, or alkylaryl orarylalkyl each having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl part andfrom 6 to 20 carbon atoms in the aryl part, R²³ and R²⁴ are each ahydrogen atom, a halogen atom, alkyl of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms,aryl of from about 6 to about 15 carbon atoms, or alkylaryl, arylalkylor alkoxy each having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl part andfrom 6 to 20 carbon atoms in the aryl radical, t is an integer from 1 to3 and u and v are integers from 0 to 2, where the sum t+u+v correspondsto the valence of M⁵; d) reacting a suspension of a particulate supportmaterial in a first solvent for about one minute to about 48 hours withthe at least one Lewis base of formula V at a temperature of about −40°C. to about 110° C. to provide an activated support material; e)reacting in a first reaction mixture the at least one organic compoundof formula VI with the at least one organometallic compound of formulaVII in a second solvent at a temperature of from about −40° C. to about110° C. for about one minute to about 48 hours to provide a reactionproduct, wherein the stoichiometric ratio of the compounds of formula VIand formula VII is from 3:1 to 5:1; f) reacting in a second reactionmixture the activated support of step (d) with the first reactionmixture of step (e), or with the reaction product isolated from thereaction mixture, at a temperature of from about −40° C. to about 110°C. for about one minute to about 48 hours in a second solvent to form amodified support material; g) reacting the second reaction mixture ofstep (f), or the modified support material isolated from the secondreaction mixture, with at least one metallocene component in a thirdsolvent at a temperature of from about −40° C. to about 110° C. for fromabout one minute to about 48 hours to provide a catalyst system, wherethe ratio of the modified support material to the metallocene componentis from about 10 g:1 μmol to about 10⁻² g:1 μmol; and h) separating thecatalyst system.
 3. The process of claim 2 wherein the catalyst systemis prepolymerized with one or more olefinic monomer(s), to obtain aprepolymerized catalyst system.
 4. The process of claim 2 wherein the atleast one metallocene component is reacted with at least oneorganometallic compound having formula VII at a stoichiometric ratiofrom about 100:1 to about 10⁻⁴:1 in a suitable solvent at a temperatureof from about −40° C. to about 110° C. for about one minute to about 48hours.
 5. The process of claim 2 wherein the Lewis base is a compoundselected from the group consisting of N,N-diethylbenzylamine, N,N-dimethylbenzylamine, N-benzyldimethylamine, N-benzyldiethylamine, N-benzylbutylamine, N-benzyl tertbutylamine, N-benzylisopropylamine, N-benzylmethylamine, N-benzylethylamine, N-benzyl-1-phenylethylamine, N-benzyl-2-phenylethylamine, N,N-dimethylbenzylamine,N,N-diethylbenzylamine, N-methyl-N-ethylbenzylamine,N-methyldibenzylamine and N -ethyldi(benzyl)amine.
 6. The process ofclaim 2 wherein step (d) comprises reacting the suspension of supportmaterial in an aromatic or aliphatic solvent for 10 minutes to 2 hourswith the Lewis base of formula V at a temperature of from about −10° C.to about 80° C., step (e) comprises reacting the organic compound offormula VI with the organometallic compound of formula VII in anaromatic or aliphatic solvent at a temperature of from about −10° C. to80° C. for 10 minutes to 3 hours, where the stoichiometric ratio of thecompounds of formula VI and formula VII is from about 3:1 to about 4:1,step (f) comprises reacting the activated support with the firstreaction mixture or with the isolated reaction product produced in (e)at a temperature of from about −10° C. to about 80° C. for about 10minutes to about 2 hours in an aliphatic or aromatic solvent to form themodified support material, step (g) comprises reacting the secondreaction mixture or the isolated modified support material produced instep (f) with the at least one metallocene component in an aromatic oraliphatic solvent at a temperature of from about −10° C. to about 80° C.for 10 minutes to 2 hours, where the ratio of the modified supportmaterial to the metallocene component is from about 10 g:1 μmol to about10⁻² g:1 μmol, and step (h) comprises washing the resulting catalystsystem with an aromatic or aliphatic solvent, and drying the resultingsupported catalyst at temperatures of 30 to 60° C.
 7. The process ofclaim 4 wherein the at least one metallocene component is reacted withthe organometallic compound of formula VII at a stoichiometric ratiofrom 1:1 to 10⁻²:1 in an aromatic or aliphatic solvent at a temperatureof −10° C. to 80° C. for 10 minutes to 2 hours.
 8. The process of claim2 wherein step (d) comprises reacting a suspension of a silica supportmaterial in toluene for 10 minutes to 2 hours with aN,N-dialkylbenzylamine at about 10° C. to about 30° C., step (e)comprises reacting a boron compound of formula VI (R¹⁴)₂—B—(OH) havingone functional group containing active hydrogen with a solution of atrialkyl aluminum compound of formula VII Al(R²²)_(t)(R²³)_(u)(R²⁴)_(v)in toluene at a temperature of about 10° C. to about 80° C. for about 10minutes to about 3 hours, where the stoichiometric ratio of thecompounds of formula VI and formula VII is about 3:1 step (f) comprisesreacting the activated support produced in (d) with the first reactionmixture or with the isolated reaction product thereof at about 10° C. toabout 30° C. for about 10 minutes to about 2 hours in toluene to formthe modified support material, step (g) comprises reacting the secondreaction mixture or the isolated modified support material produced instep (f) with the metallocene in toluene at about 10° C. to about 30° C.for about 10 minutes to about 2 hours, where the ratio of the modifiedsupport material to the metallocene component is from about 10 g:1 μmolto about 10⁻² g:1 μmol, and step (h) comprises washing the resultingcatalyst with an aromatic or aliphatic solvent, drying the resultingsupported catalyst at temperatures of 30 to 60° C. to obtain aprepolymerized catalyst system.
 9. The process of claim 8 wherein thecatalyst system is prepolymerized with one or more olefinic monomer(s)to obtain a prepolymerized catalyst system.
 10. The process of claim 2wherein at least one of R¹¹, R¹² and R¹³ is a benzylic group.
 11. Theprocess of claim 1 wherein the organic compound having at least onefunctional group containing active hydrogen contains at least onefunctional group selected from hydroxyl, mercapto, primary amino,secondary amino, silanol, carboxyl, amido and imino groups.
 12. Theprocess of claim 2 wherein r is from 1 or 2 and, and s is an integer of2 when r is 1, or 1 when r is
 2. 13. The process of claim 1 wherein theorganic compound having at least one functional group containing activehydrogen comprises a compound of formula (R¹⁴)₂—B—(OH) where R¹⁴ areidentical and are each selected from the group consisting of C₆-C₂₀haloaryl, C₆-C₂₀ aryloxy, C₇-C₄₀ arylalkyl, C₇-C₄₀ haloarylalkyl, C₇-C₄₀alkylaryl and C₇-C₄₀ haloalkylaryl.
 14. The process of claim 1 whereinthe organic compound having at least one functional group containingactive hydrogen comprises a compound of formula (R¹⁴)₂—B—(OH) where R¹⁴identical and are each selected from the group consisting of C₈-C₂₀haloaryl, C₇-C₄₀ haloarylalkyl and C₇-C₄₀ haloalkylaryl.
 15. The processof claim 1 wherein the organic compound having at least one functionalgroup containing active hydrogen is selected from the group consistingof bis(pentafluorophenyl)borinic acid and pentafluorophenylboronic acid.16. The process of claim 1 wherein the organic compound containing atleast one functional group containing active hydrogen isbis(pentafluorophenyl)borinic acid.
 17. The process of claim 2 whereinM⁵ is lithium, magnesium or aluminum and R²³ and R²⁴ are each alkyl offrom 1 to about 10 carbon atoms.
 18. The process of claim 17 wherein theM⁵ is aluminum.
 19. The process of claim 1 wherein the particulatesupport material is thermally pretreated by heating in an inert gasatmosphere to a temperature of from about 80° C. to about 1000° C. 20.The process of claim 2 wherein the particulate support material isthermally pretreated by heating in an inert gas atmosphere to atemperature of from about 150° C. to about 200° C.
 21. The process ofclaim 2 wherein the particulate support material is silica gel,thermally pretreated by heating in an inert gas atmosphere to atemperature of from about 150° C. to about 200° C.
 22. The process ofclaim 2 wherein the particulate support material is chemicallypretreated with a passivating agent to remove water and/or surfacehydroxyl groups.
 23. The process of claim 1 wherein the metallocenecompound has the formula (1):(R⁹)_(n)(L¹)_(m)M¹(R¹)_(q)  (1) where n is 0 or 1, m is 1, 2 or 3 q is1, 2 or 3 and the sum of m and q equals the oxidation state of M¹ L¹ areidentical or different and are each a substituted or unsubstitutedmononuclear or polynuclear hydrocarbon radical or (a) hetero atom(s)containing hydrocarbon radical(s) that coordinates to M¹, R¹ areidentical or different and are each a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group offrom 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of from 1 to about 10carbon atoms, an aryl group of from 6 to about 20 carbon atoms, anaryloxy group of from about 6 to about 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl groupof from 2 to about 10 carbon atoms, an OH group, a halogen atom, or aNR₂ ³² group, where R³² is an alkyl group of from 1 to about 10 carbonatoms or an aryl group of from 6 to about 14 carbon atoms, and two orthree R¹ can form one or more ring system(s), M¹ is a metal of group IVbof the Periodic Table of the Elements, R⁹ is a bridging group linkingtwo ligands L¹ selected from

where R⁴⁰ and R⁴¹, even when bearing the same index, can be identical ordifferent and are each a hydrogen atom, a C₁-C₄₀ group selected from analkyl group having from 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, an aryl group offrom 6 to about 40 carbon atoms, a fluoroalkyl group of from 1 to about10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, anaryloxy group of from 6 to about 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group offrom 2 to about 10 carbon atoms, an arylalkyl group of from 7 to about40 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl group of from 7 to about 40 carbon atoms,a substituted or unsubstituted alkylsilyl, alkyl(aryl)silyl or arylsilylgroup and an arylalkenyl group of from 8 to about 40 carbon atoms,wherein R⁴⁰ and R⁴¹ together with the atoms connecting them can form oneor more cyclic systems or R⁴⁰ and/or R⁴¹ can contain additional heteroatoms selected from Si, B, Al, O, S, N, P, Cl and Br, x is an integerfrom 1 to 18, M¹² is silicon, germanium or tin, and R⁹ link two units ofthe formula 1 to one another, or R⁹ forms a R⁹-Z¹ group, with R⁹ beinglinked to one L¹ group and Z¹ being linked to M¹, where Z¹ comprisesnitrogen, phosphorus, oxygen or sulfur such as —O—, —S—, —NR⁴² or PR⁴²—,where R⁴² is a hydrogen atom, a C₁-C₄₀ group such as an alkyl grouphaving from 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group of from 3 to10 carbon atoms, an aryl group of from 6 to about 40 carbon atoms, afluoroalkyl group of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group offrom 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, an aryloxy group of from 6 to about 10carbon atoms, an alkenyl group of from 2 to about 10 carbon atoms, anarylalkyl group of from 7 to about 40 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl groupof from 7 to about 40 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstitutedalkylsilyl, alkyl(aryl)silyl or arylsilyl group,or an arylalkenyl groupof from 8 to about 40 carbon atoms.
 24. The process of claim 23 whereinthe L¹ hydrocarbon radicals are selected from the group consisting ofsubstituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl, indenyl,tetrahydroindenyl, azurenyl, fluorenyl, azapentalenyl, thiapentalenyland oxapentalenyl.
 25. The process of claim 1 wherein the metallocenecompound has the formula 1a:R⁹L¹L²M¹R¹R²  (1a) where L¹ and L² are identical or different and areeach a substituted mononuclear or polynuclear hydrocarbon radical or (a)hetero atom(s) containing hydrocarbon radical(s) which can form asandwich structure with the central atom M¹, R¹ and R² are identical ordifferent and are each a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group of from 1 toabout 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of from 1 to about 10 carbonatoms, an aryl group of from 6 to about 20 carbon atoms, an aryloxygroup of from about 6 to about 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group of from2 to about 10 carbon atoms, an OH group, a halogen atom, or a NR₂ ³²group, where R³² is an alkyl group of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms oran aryl group of from 6 to about 14 carbon atoms, and R¹ and R² can formone or more ring system(s), M¹ is a metal of group IVb of the PeriodicTable of the Elements, R⁹ is a bridge between the ligands L¹ and L²,selected from

where R⁴⁰ and R⁴¹, even when bearing the same index, can be identical ordifferent and are each a hydrogen atom, a C₁-C₄₀ group such as an alkylgroup having from 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, an aryl group of from 6 toabout 40 carbon atoms, a fluoroalkyl group of from 1 to about 10 carbonatoms, an alkoxy group of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, an aryloxygroup of from 6 to about 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group of from 2 toabout 10 carbon atoms, an arylalkyl group of from 7 to about 40 carbonatoms, an alkylaryl group of from 7 to about 40 carbon atoms, asubstituted or unsubstituted alkylsilyl, alkyl(aryl)silyl or arylsilylgroup,or an arylalkenyl group of from 8 to about 40 carbon atoms, R⁴⁰and R⁴¹ together with the atoms connecting them can form one or morecyclic systems or R⁴⁰ and/or R⁴¹ can contain additional hetero atomsselected from the group consisting of Si, B, Al, O, S, N, P, Cl and Br,x is an integer from 1 to 18, M¹² is silicon, germanium or tin, and R⁹may also link two units of the formula (1a) to one another.
 26. Theprocess of claim 25 wherein: M¹ is zirconium or hafnium, L1 and L2 areidentical or different and are each a substituted cyclopentadienyl,indenyl, tetrahydroindenyl, azurenyl, fluorenyl, azapentalenyl,thiapentalenyl or oxapentalenyl, which can form a sandwich structurewith the central atom M¹, R⁹ is R⁴⁰R⁴¹Si═, R⁴⁰R⁴¹Ge═, R⁴⁰R⁴¹C═ or—(R⁴⁰R⁴¹C—CR⁴⁰R⁴¹)—, where R⁴⁰ and R⁴¹ are identical or different andare each a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group of from 1 to about 30carbon atoms, in particular an alkyl group of from 1 to about 10 carbonatoms, an aryl group of from 6 to about 40 carbon atoms, an arylalkylgroup of from 7 to about 14 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl group of from 7to about 14 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted alkylsilylgroup, an alkyl(aryl)silyl or an arylsilyl group.
 27. The process ofclaim 25 wherein M¹ is zirconium and L¹ and L² are identical ordifferent and are each a substituted indenyl, azurenyl, fluorenyl,azapentalenyl, thiapentalenyl or oxapentalenyl, which can form asandwich structure with the central atom M¹, and the bridging unit R⁹ isR⁴⁰R⁴¹Si═ or R⁴⁰R⁴¹Ge═, where R⁴⁰ and R⁴¹ are identical or different andare methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl,decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, cyclo-pentyl, cyclo-pentadienyl, cyclohexyl,phenyl, benzyl, trimethylsilyl or 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl.
 28. The processof claim 25 wherein the metallocene compound has formula 1b below:

wherein M¹ is a metal of group IVb of the Periodic Table of theElements, R¹ and R² are identical or different and are each a hydrogenatom, an alkyl group of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy groupof from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group of from 6 to about 20carbon atoms, an aryloxy group of from 6 to about 10 carbon atoms, analkenyl group of from 2 to about 10 carbon atoms, an OH group, a halogenatom, or a NR₂ ³² group, where R³² is an alkyl group of from 1 to about10 carbon atoms or an aryl group of from 6 to about 14 carbon atoms andR¹ and R² may form one or more ring system(s), R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸and also R^(3′), R^(4′), R^(5′), R^(6′), R^(7′) and R^(8′) are identicalor different and are each a hydrogen atom, a linear, cyclic or branchedhydrocarbon group, with the proviso that R³ and R^(3′) are not bothhydrogen, wherein said groups may contain one or more hetero atomsselected from the groups consisting of Si, B, Al, O, S, N, P, F, Cl andBr, and two adjacent radicals R⁵, R⁶ or R^(5′), R^(6′), or R⁶, R⁷ orR^(6′), R^(7′), or R⁷, R⁸ or R^(7′), R^(8′) in each case may form ahydrocarbon ring system and the bridging unit R⁹ has the meaning setforth above with respect to formula (1a).
 29. The process of claim 28wherein: M¹ is zirconium or hafnium, R¹ and R² are identical ordifferent and are an alkyl group of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, analkoxy group of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, an aryloxy group offrom 6 to about 10 carbon atoms or a halogen atom, or R¹ and R² togethermay form one or more ring system(s), R³ and R^(3′), are identical ordifferent and are each a linear, cyclic or branched hydrocarbon groupwhich may be halogenated, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸ and also R^(4′), R^(5′),R^(6′), R^(7′) and R^(8′) are identical or different and are each ahydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylsilyl or arylsilylgroup, a linear, cyclic or branched alkyl group of from 1 to about 10carbon atoms, or an aryl group of from 6 to about 10 carbon atoms, whichmay contain one or more hetero atoms selected form the group consistingof Si, B, Al, O, S, N, P, F, Cl and Br, and the two adjacent radicalsR⁵, R⁶ and R^(5′), R^(6′) can form a hydrocarbon ring system, R⁹ isR⁴⁰R⁴¹Si═, R⁴⁰R⁴¹Ge═, R⁴⁰R⁴¹C═ or —(R⁴⁰R⁴¹C—CR⁴⁰R⁴¹)—, where R⁴⁰ and R⁴¹are identical or different and are each a hydrogen atom, an alkyl groupof from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group of from 6 to about 40 carbonatoms, an arylalkyl group of from 7 to about 14 carbon atoms or analkylaryl group of from 7 to about 14 carbon atoms or a substituted orunsubstituted alkylsilyl group, an alkyl(aryl)silyl or an arylsilylgroup.
 30. The process of claim 28 wherein: M¹ is zirconium, R¹ and R²are identical or different and are methyl, chlorine or phenolate, R³ andR^(3′), are identical or different and are each a linear, cyclic orbranched hydrocarbon group which may be halogenated, R⁴ also R^(4′) arehydrogen, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸ and also R^(5′), R^(6′), R^(7′), R^(8′) areidentical or different and are each a hydrogen atom or a linear, cyclicor branched alkyl group of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, or an arylgroup of from 6 to about 10 carbon atoms and/or the two adjacentradicals R⁵, R⁶ and R^(5′), R^(6′) respectively together may form a ringsystem, R⁹ is R⁴⁰R⁴¹Si═ or R⁴⁰R⁴¹Ge═, where R⁴⁰ and R⁴¹ are identical ordifferent and are methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl,octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentadienyl,cyclohexyl, phenyl, benzyl, trimethylsilyl or 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl. 31.The process of claim 25 wherein the metallocene compound has formula 1c:

where the substituents and indices have the following meanings: M¹ is ametal of group IVb of the Periodic Table of the Elements, R¹ and R² areidentical or different and are each a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group offrom 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of from 1 to about 10 carbonatoms, an aryl group of from 6 to about 20 carbon atoms, an aryloxygroup of from 6 to about 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group of from 2 toabout 10 carbon atoms, an OH group, a halogen atom, or a NR₂ ³² group,where R³² is an alkyl group of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms or anaryl group of from 6 to about 14 carbon atoms, and R¹ and R² may formone or more ring system(s), R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸ and also R^(3′),R^(4′), R^(5′), R^(6′), R^(7′) and R^(8′) are identical or different andare each a hydrogen atom, a linear, cyclic or branched hydrocarbongroup, with the proviso that R³ and R^(3′) are not both hydrogen andthat R⁵ and R^(5′) are identical or different and are each a substitutedor unsubstituted aryl group of from 6 to about 40 carbon atoms, thehydrocarbon groups may contain one or more hetero atoms selected fromthe group consisting of Si, B, Al, O, S, N, P, F, Cl and Br, and thebridging unit R⁹ has the meaning set forth above with respect to formula1a.
 32. The process of claim 31 wherein: M¹ is zirconium or hafnium, R¹and R² are identical or different and are an alkyl group of from 1 toabout 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of from 1 to about 10 carbonatoms, an aryloxy group of from 6 to about 10 carbon atoms, or a halogenatom, and R¹ and R² may form one or more ring system(s), R³ and R^(3′),are identical or different and are each a linear, cyclic or branchedgroup which may be halogenated, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸ and also R^(4′),R^(5′), R^(6′), R^(7′) and R^(8′) are identical or different and areeach a hydrogen atom or a linear, cyclic or branched alkyl group of from1 to about 10 carbon atoms, which may contain one or more hetero atomsselected from the group consisting of Si, B, Al, O, S, N, P, F, Cl andBr, R⁵ and R^(5′) are identical or different and are each a substitutedor unsubstituted aryl group of from 6 to about 40 carbon atoms, R⁹ isR⁴⁰R⁴¹Si═, R⁴⁰R⁴¹Ge═, R⁴⁰R⁴¹C═ or —(R⁴⁰R⁴¹C—CR⁴⁰R⁴¹)—, where R⁴⁰ and R⁴¹are identical or different and are each a hydrogen atom, aC₁-C₃₀-hydrocarbon group, in particular an alkyl group of from 1 toabout 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group of from 6 to about 40 carbon atoms,an arylalkyl group of from 7 to about 14 carbon atoms, an alkylarylgroup of from 7 to about 14 carbon atoms or a substituted orunsubstituted alkylsilyl group, an alkyl(aryl)silyl or an arylsilylgroup.
 33. The process of claim 22 wherein: M¹ is zirconium, R¹ and R²are identical and are methyl, chlorine, or phenolate, R³ and R^(3′) areidentical or different and are each a linear, cyclic or branched methyl,ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl or hexyl, R⁴ also R^(4′) are hydrogen, R⁶,R⁷, R⁸ and also R^(6′), R^(7′) and R^(8′) are identical or different andare each a hydrogen atom or a linear, cyclic or branched alkyl group offrom 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, which may contain one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of Si, B, Al, O, S, N, P, F, Cland Br, R⁵ and R^(5′) are identical or different and are phenyl,naphthyl, para-(C₁-C₁₀-alkyl)phenyl, para-(C₁-C₁₀-fluoroalkyl)phenyl,meta-(C₁-C₁₀-alkyl)phenyl, meta-(C₁-C₁₀-alkyl)phenyl, meta,meta′-(C₁-C₁₀-alkyl)₂phenyl or meta, meta′-(C₁-C₁₀-fluoroalkyl)₂phenyl,R⁹ is R⁴⁰R⁴¹Si═ or R⁴⁰R⁴¹Ge═, where R⁴⁰ and R⁴¹ are identical ordifferent and are methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl,octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentadlenyl,cyclohexyl, phenyl, benzyl, trimethylsilyl or 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl. 34.The process of claim 16 wherein the metallocene compound has the formula1d:

wherein: M¹ is a metal of group IVb of the Periodic Table of theElements, R¹ and R² are identical or different and are each a hydrogenatom, an alkyl group of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy groupof from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group of from 6 to 20 carbonatoms, an aryloxy group of from 6 to about 10 carbon atoms, an alkenylgroup of from 2 to about 10 carbon atoms, an OH group, a halogen atom,or a NR₂ ³² group, where R³² is an alkyl group of from 1 to about 10carbon atoms, or an aryl group of from 6 to about 14 carbon atoms, or R¹and R² may form one or more ring system(s), R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸ and alsoR^(4′), R^(5′), R^(6′), R^(7′) and R^(8′) are identical or different andare each a hydrogen atom, a linear, cyclic or branched hydrocarbongroup, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkylsilyl or arylsilyl group,with the proviso that R⁵ and R^(5′) are identical or different and areeach a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group of from 6 to about 40carbon atoms, the hydrocarbon groups can contain one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of Si, B, Al, O, S, N, P, F, Cland Br, R³ is a hydrocarbon group, not cyclic or branched in theα-position, wherein the hydrocarbon groups can contain one or morehetero atoms selected from the group consisting of Si, B, Al, O, S, N,P, F, Cl and Br, R^(3′) is a in α-position or in β-position cyclic orbranched hydrocarbon group, wherein the hydrocarbon groups may containone or more hetero atoms selected from the group consisting of Si, B,Al, O, S, N, P, F, Cl and Br, and the bridging unit R⁹ has the meaningmentioned above with respect to formula 1a.
 35. The process of claim 25wherein: M¹ is zirconium or hafnium, R¹ and R² are identical ordifferent and are an alkyl group of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, analkoxy group of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, an aryloxy group offrom 6 to about 10 carbon atoms or a halogen atom, and R¹ and R² mayform one or more ring system(s), R³ is a linear alkyl group of from 1 toabout 10 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group of from 2 to 10 carbon atoms,which can be halogenated, R³ is a in α-position or in β-position cyclicor branched alkyl group of from 3 to about 20 carbon atoms, an alkenylgroup of from 3 to about 20 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl group of from 7to about 20 carbon atoms, or a trimethylsilyl group, R⁴, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸ andalso R^(4′), R^(6′), R^(7′) and R^(8′) are identical or different andare each a hydrogen atom or a linear, cyclic or branched alkyl group offrom 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, which may contain one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of Si, B, Al, O, S, N, P, F, Cland Br, R⁵ and R^(5′) are identical or different and are each asubstituted or unsubstituted aryl group of from 6 to about 40 carbonatoms, R⁹ is R⁴⁰R⁴¹Si═, R⁴⁰R⁴¹Ge═, R⁴⁰R⁴¹C═ or —(R⁴⁰R⁴¹C—CR⁴⁰R⁴¹)—,where R⁴⁰ and R⁴¹ are identical or different and are each a hydrogenatom, an alkyl group of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, an aryl groupof from 6 to about 40 carbon atoms, an arylalkyl group of from 7 to 14carbon atoms, an alkylaryl group of from 7 to 14 carbon atoms or asubstituted or unsubstituted alkylsilyl group, an alkyl(aryl)silyl or anarylsilyl group.
 36. The process of claim 25 wherein: M¹ is zirconium,R¹ and R² are identical and are methyl, chlorine, or phenolate, R³ ismethyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl or n-hexyl, R^(3′) isiso-propyl, iso-butyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, cyclobutyl, 1-methyl-butyl,1-ethyl-butyl, 1-methyl-pentyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl,cyclopent-2-enyl, cyclopent-3-enyl, cyclohex-2-enyl, cyclohex-3-enyl,para-methyl-cyclohexyl or trimethylsilyl, R⁴ and also R^(4′) arehydrogen, and R⁶, R⁷, R⁸ and also R^(6′), R^(7′) and R^(8′) areidentical or different and are each a hydrogen atom or a linear, cyclicor branched alkyl group of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, which maycontain one or more hetero atoms selected from the group consisting ofSi, B, Al, O, S, N, P, F, Cl and Br, R⁵ and R^(5′) are identical ordifferent and are phenyl, p-isopropyl-phenyl, p -tert.-butyl-phenyl,p-s-butyl-phenyl, p-cyclohexyl, p-trimethylsilyl-phenyl, p-adamantyl-phenyl, p-(trisfluor)trimethyl-phenyl orm,m′-dimethyl-phenyl, R⁹ is R⁴⁰R⁴¹Si═ or R⁴⁰R⁴¹Ge═, where R⁴⁰ and R⁴¹are identical or different and are methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl,hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, cyclo-pentyl,cyclo-pentadienyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, benzyl, trimethylsilyl or3,3,3-trifluoropropyl.
 37. A catalyst system prepared in accordance withthe process of claim
 1. 38. A catalyst system prepared in accordancewith the process of claim
 2. 39. The process of claim 28 wherein R³, R⁴,R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸ and also R^(3′), R^(4′), R^(5′), R^(6′), R^(7′) andR^(8′) are identical or different and are each an alkyl group of from 1to about 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group of from 2 to about 10 carbonatoms, an aryl group of from 6 to about 20 carbon atoms, an arylalkylgroup of from 7 to about 40 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl group of from 7to about 40 carbon atoms, an arylalkenyl group of from 8 to about 40carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylsilyl group, analkyl(aryl)silyl group or an arylsilyl group.
 40. The process of claim29 wherein R³ and R^(3′), are identical or different and are each analkyl group of from 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group of from 2to about 10 carbon atoms.
 41. The process of claim 30 wherein R³ andR^(3′), are identical or different and are each an alkyl group of from 1to 10 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group of from 2 to about 10 carbonatoms.
 42. The process of claim 31 wherein R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸ andalso R^(3′), R^(4′), R^(5′), R^(6′), R^(7′) and R^(8′) are identical ordifferent and are each an alkyl group of from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, analkenyl group of from 2 to about 10 carbon atoms, an arenyl group offrom 6 to about 20 carbon atoms, an arylalkyl group of from 7 to about40 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl group of from 7 to about 40 carbon atoms,an arylalkenyl group of from 8 to about 40 carbon atoms, or asubstituted or unsubstituted alkylsilyl or arylsilyl group.
 43. Theprocess of claim 32 wherein R³and R^(3′), are identical or different andare each an alkyl group of from 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkenyl groupof from 2 to about 10 carbon atoms.
 44. The process of claim 34 whereinR⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸ and also R^(4′), R^(5′), R^(6′), R^(7′) and R^(8′)are identical or different and are each an alkyl group of from 1 toabout 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group of from 2 to about 10 carbonatoms, an aryl group of from 6 to about 20 carbon atoms, an arylalkylgroup of from 7 to about 40 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl group of from 7to about 40 carbon atoms, or an arylalkenyl group of from 8 to about 40carbon atoms, R³ is an alkyl group of from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an arylsubstituted alkyl group of from 7 to about 40 carbon atoms, or an arylsubstituted alkenyl group of from 8 to about 40 carbon atoms, and R^(3′)is an alkyl group of from 3 to about 20 carbon atoms, an alkenyl groupof from 3 to about 20 carbon atoms, an aryl group of from 6 to about 20carbon atoms, an arylalkyl group of from7 to about 40 carbon atoms, analkylaryl group of from 7 to about 40 carbon atoms or an arylalkenylgroup of from 8 to about 40 carbon atoms.
 45. The process of claim 35wherein R⁵ and R^(5′) are identical or different and are each phenyl,naphthyl, para-(C₁-C₁₀-alkyl)phenyl, meta-(C₁-C₁₀-alkyl)phenyl, ormeta,meta′-(C₁-C₁₀-alkyl)₂phenyl.